Neurovascular conflict is compression and dysfunction of the cranial nerve due to its contact with a nearby vessel. Most often in practice there is damage to the trigeminal, facial nerve, less often there is compression of other pairs of CN, in addition to the olfactory. The clinical picture depends on the affected nerve, the degree…
Neurobrucellosis is a pathology of the nervous system that occurs against the background of brucellosis infection. The clinical picture is polymorphic, depending on the localization of the pathological process, it is represented by neuritis, radiculitis, meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis. Neurobrucellosis is diagnosed on the basis of an epidemiological history, neurological examination, bacteriological, serological studies, analysis of…
Neuroacanthocytosis is a genetically determined degenerative brain lesion combined with a change in the shape of red blood cells (acanthocytosis). The clinic is dominated by extrapyramidal disorders of the motor sphere (hyperkinesis, Parkinsonism), mental, cognitive abnormalities, axonal polyneuropathy. Neuroacanthocytosis is diagnosed according to neurological, ophthalmological, neuropsychological, genetic examination when acanthocytes are detected in a blood…
Median neuropathy is a lesion of the N. medianus in any part of it, leading to pain and swelling of the hand, a disorder of the sensitivity of its palmar surface and the first 3.5 fingers, a violation of the flexion of these fingers and the opposition of the thumb. Diagnosis is carried out by…
Sciatic neuropathy is a lesion of N. ischiadicus, manifested by acute shooting or burning pain on the posterior surface of the thigh, weakness of leg flexion in the knee, numbness of the foot and lower leg, paresthesia, paresis of the foot muscles, trophic and vasomotor abnormalities on the lower leg and foot. The disease is…
Meralgia paresthetica is a lesion of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh, most often occurring in the inguinal region and often associated with its age—related degenerative changes. It is manifested by paresthesia, pain and numbness of the lateral and partially anterior hip area, with intense pain syndrome — a violation of walking. The diagnosis of…
Fibular neuropathy is one of the mononeuropathies of the lower extremities, accompanied by the syndrome of the hanging foot — the inability of the back flexion of the foot and extension of its fingers, as well as sensory disorders of the skin of the anterolateral region of the lower leg and the back of the…
Radial neuropathy is a pathology of N. radialis in any part of it, having a different genesis (metabolic, compression, post-traumatic, ischemic). It is clinically manifested by the symptom of a “hanging hand” due to the inability to straighten the hand and fingers; impaired sensitivity of the posterior surface of the shoulder, forearm and back of the…
Ulnar neuropathy is a lesion of N. ulnaris, different in etiology, accompanied by a violation of its sensory and motor functions. It is manifested by weakness when trying to squeeze the hand into a fist and hold objects with the brush, lack of sensitivity of the skin of the V and partially IV fingers, atrophy…
Tibial neuropathy is a lesion of N. tibialis of traumatic, compression, dysmetabolic or inflammatory genesis, leading to a violation of the function of the lower leg muscles responsible for plantar flexion of the foot and the foot muscles, hypesthesia of the posterior surface of the lower leg, sole and toes, the occurrence of pain syndrome…