Menstrual migraine is a form of simple migraine that occurs due to fluctuations in the level of estradiol in the menstrual cycle. It is clinically manifested by migraine attacks without aura that occur during the menstrual period. Diagnostics includes anamnesis collection, neurological status study, gynecological examination, hormonal status assessment, if necessary, rheoencephalography, cerebral MRI is…
Meningoencephalitis is a neuroinfectious disease that occurs with a combined lesion of the cerebral substance and membranes. It is manifested by infectious, shell-like, variable focal symptoms. It is diagnosed as a result of neurological examination, cerebral MRI / CT, cerebrospinal fluid examination, laboratory diagnostics aimed at finding the pathogen. Treatment is based on etiotropic therapy…
Meningomyelitis is a complex lesion of the substance of the spinal cord, its membranes and spinal roots. It is a complication of infectious diseases such as syphilis, tuberculosis, brucellosis. It is characterized by a combination of symptoms: paresthesia, radicular pain, impaired motor functions and skin sensitivity. The diagnosis is made based on the analysis of…
Meningococcal meningitis is a form of meningococcal infection characterized by purulent inflammation of the soft and arachnoid membranes of the brain. The disease is accompanied by a typical triad of clinical signs (headache, fever and vomiting), meningeal signs, general cerebral and general toxic symptoms. Meningitis can be combined with meningococcemia, complicated by infectious and toxic…
Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes of the brain and spinal cord. Pachymeningitis is inflammation of the dura mater, leptomeningitis is inflammation of the soft and arachnoid meninges. Inflammation of the soft membranes is more common, in such cases the term “meningitis” is used. Its pathogens may be certain pathogenic microorganisms: bacteria, viruses, fungi;…
Meningioma in most cases is a benign tumor that develops from arachnoendothelial cells (dura mater or less often vascular plexuses). Symptoms of neoplasm are headaches, impaired consciousness, memory; muscle weakness; epileptic seizures; malfunction of analyzers (auditory, visual, olfactory). The diagnosis is made on the basis of neurological examination, MRI or CT of the brain, PET.…
Meningeal syndrome is a symptom complex characteristic of lesions of the cerebral membranes. It may have an infectious, toxic, cerebrospinal hypertension, vascular, traumatic, carcinomatous etiology. It is manifested by headache, muscle rigidity, vomiting, hyperesthesia, algic phenomena. The diagnostic basis consists of clinical data, the results of the study of cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment is carried out…
Intercostal neuralgia is a lesion of intercostal nerves, accompanied by acute pain syndrome. It is characterized by paroxysmal shooting or burning pain in one or more intercostals, going from the vertebral column to the sternum. Diagnosis is based on complaints and an objective examination of the patient, to exclude / detect pathology of the spine…
Cervical disc herniation — degeneration and prolapse beyond the boundaries of the intervertebral space of the cervical intervertebral disc. Clinically manifests pain in the upper arm and arm radiating into the fingers, weakness and hypesthesia of the arm, vertebral artery syndrome. It is diagnosed mainly by the results of MRI of the cervical spine. Conservative…
Lumbar disc herniation is the protrusion of the intervertebral disc beyond the vertebral bodies in the lumbar spine. Clinically manifests with lumbalgia and vertebral syndrome. It is complicated by discogenic radiculopathy and myelopathy. It is diagnosed mainly according to MRI of the spine. Treatment can be conservative (anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, traction, manual therapy, physiotherapy,…