Respiratory acidosis is a decrease in the blood hydrogen index of less than 7.35, which is caused by excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide in the body. The condition develops against the background of bronchopulmonary pathology, neurological diseases, iatrogenic factors. It is manifested by respiratory insufficiency, depression of the higher functions of the central nervous system,…
Respiratory alkalosis is an increase in blood pH of more than 7.45 against the background of an absolute decrease in the partial voltage of carbon dioxide (pCO2) of less than 35 mm Hg. The condition occurs against the background of hyperventilation in cerebral pathology, bronchopulmonary diseases, negative iatrogenic factors. Symptoms of alkalosis include impaired consciousness,…
Postresuscitation encephalopathy is a component of post-resuscitation disease, which is manifested by a number of neurological and psychological disorders. It is characterized by damage to the tissues of the central nervous system. The clinical picture is diverse, the main symptoms include hyperkinesis, visual disturbances, frontal ataxia, amenative delirious psychoses and convulsive seizures. Pathology is diagnosed…
Post-resuscitation disease is a specific condition of the body that occurs after successful resuscitation measures. It is caused by temporary total tissue ischemia and blood flow restoration syndrome. It is manifested by a marked increase in the concentration of blood enzymes, hypoperfusion, a decrease in CBV, the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation, multiple organ failure.…
Lightning injuries is an electrical injury caused by exposure to a sequential stream of atmospheric electricity discharges. Leads to the development of arrhythmia, neurological disorders, skin burns. Possible ruptures of internal organs, loss of vision or hearing. The clinical picture of the lesion depends on which structure was affected by the traumatic factor. Pathology is…
Even if future dads in childhood just inhale cigarette smoke because of their fathers, this already poses a threat to unborn children. Such babies subsequently suffer from asthma more often. Researchers from the University of Melbourne have found that a child’s risk of experiencing asthma is higher if his father himself breathed tobacco smoke as…
Multiple organ failure is the simultaneous or sequential defeat of several systems with the initial predominance of symptoms of failure of one of them. The defining signs are cyanosis, shortness of breath, edema, anuria, hypotension, shock. The diagnosis is established on the basis of the clinical picture, laboratory and hardware examination data. Specific treatment: support…
Post-intensive care syndrome is a complex of pathological conditions that have developed or worsened in connection with intensive care and restrict daily activity. It is manifested by memory disorders, depression, dissomnia, polymyoneuropathy, dysphagia, decreased physical endurance. It is diagnosed on the basis of medical history, stress tests, EEG data, ENMG, neuropsychological examination. Treatment involves active…
Poisoning with toxic chemicals is an acute intoxication caused by transdermal, inhalation or oral intake of toxic substances of this group. The clinical picture depends on which kind of xenobiotic caused the lesion. Common signs include vomiting, nausea, headache and abdominal pain, respiratory disorders, cardiac activity, convulsions, phenomena of multiple organ failure. Pathology is diagnosed…
Poisoning by poisonous plants is an acute or chronic intoxication caused by poisons contained in herbs, flowers, parts of bushes, trees. Clinical symptoms vary depending on the type of plant. Poisoning can occur with a predominance of cholinolytic or nicotine-like syndrome, signs of damage to the heart, kidneys, liver, skin, digestive system. It is diagnosed…