Listeriosis refers to zoonotic infectious diseases, has a polymorphic clinical course with a predominance of lesions of mononuclears and nerve cells, or occurring in an anginal-septic form. Listeriosis has mainly a fecal-oral method of distribution, listeria can also enter the body by aerosol and transplacental route. According to the predominant clinical symptoms, listeriosis is divided…
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis is an acute viral infectious disease of the central nervous system. Pathognomonic symptoms are meningeal signs, general cerebral symptoms, less often lesions of the upper respiratory tract. Fever, general intoxication manifestations are also characteristic. Pathology is diagnosed by PCR, biopsy on rodents to isolate the pathogen, serological methods – to find antibodies. Specific…
Leptospirosis is a naturally focal zoonotic infectious disease characterized by damage to the liver, as well as to the kidneys and nervous system against the background of general intoxication. It is often accompanied by hemorrhagic symptoms and jaundice. The causative agent of leptospirosis can enter the body through mucous membranes or injured skin. From infection…
Leprosy is a systemic infectious process with a chronic course caused by Mycobacterium leprosy and accompanied by epidermal, visceral manifestations, as well as signs of damage to the nervous system. There are 4 clinical forms: lepromatous, tuberculoid, undifferentiated and borderline. Typical signs are skin manifestations (erythematous pigment spots, nodules, tubercles), polyneuritis, severe deformation and disfigurement…
Leishmaniasis is a protozoan infection with a transmissible mechanism of spread, characterized by damage to the skin or internal organs by intracellular parasites – leishmania. Leishmaniasis is divided into visceral, occurring with damage to the lungs, liver, spleen, heart, and cutaneous, manifested by papules transforming into ulceration foci. Diagnosis of leishmaniasis is carried out by…
Pneumonic plague is an acute highly contagious infectious disease with airborne transmission. It is characterized by the appearance of symptoms of severe general intoxication, signs of damage to the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, sepsis. The basis of the diagnosis is the bacteriological method and PCR, various body fluids are used for the study. Additionally, serological…
Legionellosis is a severe infectious disease characterized by general intoxication, damage to the respiratory, urinary and central nervous systems. Legionella is transmitted by aerosol. They are stable and can spread through cooling systems and compressors, in showers and swimming pools. As a rule, legionellosis is manifested by severe pneumonia with shortness of breath, chest pain…
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever is an acute arbovirus infection with a characteristic natural foci, occurring with the phenomena of toxicosis and thrombohemorrhagic syndrome of varying severity. Disease is characterized by an acute onset with two waves of fever, headaches, muscle and joint pain, hemorrhagic rashes on the skin and mucous membranes, hemorrhages and bleeding. The diagnosis…
Cryptosporidiosis is a protozoal infection caused by cryptosporidia and occurring with a predominant lesion of the digestive tract. Typical clinical manifestations of cryptosporidiosis include profuse watery diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, spastic abdominal pain. Individuals with immunodeficiency, along with severe gastrointestinal form, may develop cryptosporidiosis of the biliary tract and respiratory tract. Cryptosporidiosis is diagnosed by detecting…
Rubella is an acute viral infection, manifested by characteristic rashes on the background of moderate intoxication, accompanied by regional lymphadenopathy and hematological reaction. The rubella virus is introduced into the body through the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, where it enters with inhaled air. The incubation period lasts from 10 to 25 days. Typical…