Measles refers to acute viral infectious diseases, characterized by a combination of catarrhal symptoms with specific exanthema. The measles virus enters the body by airborne droplets. The incubation period lasts up to 2 weeks, sometimes up to 1 month. The catarrhal period of measles is manifested by cough, fever, cervical lymphadenitis. It is replaced by…
Coronavirus is an acute infectious pathology with a predominantly aerogenic mechanism of infection caused by an RNA-containing coronavirus. Specific for coronaviruses is the defeat of the upper respiratory tract, less often – the intestines and stomach. Clinically, the infection is manifested by moderate fever and symptoms of intoxication. Diagnosis of the pathological process involves the…
Whooping cough is an acute infectious disease of bacterial nature, manifested in the form of attacks of spasmodic cough accompanying catarrhal symptoms. Infection with whooping cough occurs by aerosol in close contact with a sick person. The incubation period is 3-14 days. The catarrhal period of whooping cough resembles the symptoms of acute pharyngitis, then…
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by protozoa and accompanied by damage to the skin, less often the mucous membranes. A characteristic feature is ulcers at the site of the introduction of the pathogen. The temperature reaction of the body varies widely, other signs of the disease are detected very rarely. Diagnosis is based…
Clonorchiasis is a chronically occurring helminthic invasion. The main symptoms are associated with the involvement of the liver and pancreas; with a significant duration of the disease, cirrhotic changes, acute pancreatitis may occur, and the likelihood of malignant neoplasms of the hepatobiliary system increases. Allergic reactions caused by the presence of a parasite in the…
Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBI) are nosocomial infectious complications associated with the use of intravascular catheters. Clinically manifested by local inflammatory changes (swelling, soreness, hyperemia in the catheter area) or generalized infection (febrile fever, chills, bacteremia). For laboratory confirmation of CRBI, blood is seeded for hemoculture and microbiological examination of the vascular catheter. At the first…
Karelian fever is an acute natural focal viral infection (the causative agent is the Edsbyn 5/82 virus) with a transmissible transmission mechanism. The clinical course of Karelian fever is characterized by feverish intoxication syndrome, arthralgia, polyarthritis, skin rashes. The diagnosis of Karelian fever is based on the data of epidanamnesis and serological examination, which demonstrates…
Capillariasis is helminthiasis caused by roundworms (nematodes). The most common is a parasitic intestinal lesion with a predominance of diarrheal syndrome in the clinic. Lung and liver lesions are also possible, manifested by fever, cough, jaundice of the skin and sclera, respectively. The only method of confirming diagnosis is microscopic detection of the pathogen in…
Isosporiasis is an anthroponotic protozoal infection with a fecal–oral transmission mechanism, characterized by damage to the gastrointestinal tract and the development of exicosis. There is the appearance of symptoms of gastroenterocolitis, possibly hemocolitis. The main method of diagnosis is the detection of oocysts in the fecal smears of patients. Additionally, serological methods for detecting infection…
Campylobacteriosis is an acute zoonotic infection caused by Enterobacter Campylobacter and occurring with a predominant lesion of the digestive tract. The localized form of campylobacteriosis in most cases proceeds by the type of gastroenteritis or gastroenterocolitis; the generalized form is accompanied by the development of septicemia or septicopiemia. The diagnosis is confirmed by bacteriological culture…