Aspiration pneumonia is an infectious and toxic damage to the pulmonary parenchyma that develops as a result of the contents of the oral cavity, nasopharynx, and stomach entering the lower respiratory tract. Aspiration pneumonia is manifested by cough, tachypnea, cyanosis, tachycardia, chest pain, fever, and the appearance of fetid sputum. The diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia…
Asbestos is a form of pneumoconiosis that develops as a result of prolonged inhalation of asbestos–containing dust and is characterized by diffuse fibrosis of the lung tissue. The symptoms consists of general somatic disorders (malaise, fatigue, anorexia), signs of respiratory insufficiency (shortness of breath, cyanosis, deformation of the terminal phalanges of the fingers), symptoms of…
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation is a congenital vascular anomaly characterized by the presence of direct communication between the branches of the pulmonary artery and the pulmonary veins and the discharge of non–oxygenated blood into the arterial bed. In the clinic of PAVM, signs of arterial hypoxemia prevail: cyanosis, shortness of breath, weakness, deformation of the distal…
Anthracosis is a lung lesion caused by inhalation of coal dust particles and characterized by the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Symptoms of anthracosis (cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue) are progressive. When making a diagnosis, professional anamnesis, data from radiography and computed tomography of the lungs, spirometry, analysis of blood gas composition are taken…
Pulmonary artery aneurysm is a pathological local expansion of a large vessel exiting the right ventricle of the heart and delivering venous blood to the small circulatory circle, or its branches. Usually the disease is asymptomatic, sometimes patients experience chest pain, shortness of breath, hoarseness of voice, hemoptysis and pulmonary bleeding. It is diagnosed using…
Aluminosis is an occupational disease from the group of pneumoconioses that develops with regular, prolonged inhalation of aluminum vapors or dust. The main signs of aluminosis are progressive shortness of breath, cough. The patient is concerned about pain and heaviness in the chest, symptoms of general intoxication. The diagnosis is established on the basis of…
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a pulmonary pathology associated with hyperproduction of surfactant and filling of the alveolar cavity with excess protein-lipid mass. In the case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, dyspnea is steadily progressing, an unproductive cough occurs, subfebrile fever may occur, weight loss, sweating, fatigue, respiratory failure may develop. Diagnostics is based on the data…
Alveolar microlithiasis is a rare lung disease characterized by the formation of protein-mineral complexes in the lumen of the alveoli. Clinically manifested by increasing shortness of breath, general weakness, cough, heaviness and pressure in the chest. As the pathology progresses, symptoms of respiratory and heart failure are added. Diagnostic measures include radiation methods of examination…
Epicondylitis is a degenerative inflammatory lesion of tissues in the area of the elbow joint. It develops at the sites of attachment of the tendons of the inner and outer surfaces of the forearm to, respectively, the inner and outer condyles of the humerus. Pathology develops gradually, manifested by pain in the elbow joint, which…
Enchondroma is a benign neoplasm consisting of cartilage tissue. It is localized intraosseous, usually in the zone of diaphysis and metadiaphysis of tubular bones. It most often affects small tubular bones of the hands and feet, can be either single or multiple. As a rule, it is asymptomatic, large enchondromes can cause deformity of the…