Submucosal fibroids are benign hormone—dependent tumors located in the submucosal layer of the uterus and formed by smooth muscle cells of the myometrium. Almost half of the cases are asymptomatic. It can manifest itself as menorrhagia, increasing anemia, cramping pains in the lower abdomen during menstruation, inability to get pregnant or carry a child. Transvaginal…
Uterine subinvolution is a postpartum complication characterized by a slowdown in the recovery of normal (prenatal) uterine dimensions. Symptoms are abundant brown spotting, subfebrile body temperature, absence of the usual cramping pains during breastfeeding. The presence of complications is determined by gynecological examination, ultrasound (ultrasound of the uterus, three-dimensional echography). The treatment is complex, including…
Stromal tecomatosis is a benign hormone—active hyperplasia of the ovarian stroma, accompanied by increased androgen synthesis and increased peripheral estrogen production. It is manifested by signs of virilization (hirsutism, coarsening of the voice, hypertrophy of the clitoris), oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, infertility, visceral obesity. For diagnosis, the content of androgens, estrogens, LH, FSH is examined, pelvic ultrasound,…
Cervical stenosis is a congenital or acquired anatomical narrowing of the cervical canal with a violation of its patency. At the reproductive age, it manifests itself with oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, algomenorrhea, infertility, dyspareunia. In menopause and postmenopause, it can be asymptomatic. It is diagnosed by gynecological examination, probing of the uterine cavity, ultrasound of the pelvic…
Athletic amenorrhea is a disorder of the ovarian-menstrual cycle caused by intense training. It is manifested by a delay in sexual development with the absence of menarche, the cessation of menstrual discharge for six months or more, anovulatory bleeding (opsomenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, polyproymenorrhea), masculinization. It is diagnosed by laboratory examination of the content of steroid hormones,…
Pelvic adhesions are connective tissue strands covering the surface of the pelvic organs and connecting them to each other. The adhesive process is manifested by constant or periodic pelvic pain, miscarriage or infertility, intestinal disorders in the form of constipation, frequent stools and flatulence. When making a diagnosis, bimanual examination, ultrasound and tomography of the…
Diminished ovarian reserve is a decrease in the ability of the ovaries to respond to hormonal stimulation by follicle growth with a simultaneous deterioration in the quality of eggs. Insufficient reproductive potential causes persistent infertility that cannot be treated. At the initial stage, the shortening of the menstrual cycle may worry. For diagnosis, an analysis…
Weakness of labor activity – insufficient contractile activity of the uterus in strength, duration and frequency, due to its hypotonic dysfunction. Pathology is manifested by rare, short and ineffective contractions, slowing down the opening of the cervix and the advancement of the fetus. Disease is diagnosed by observation, cardiotocography, vaginal examination. In the treatment of…
Syphilis in women is a chronic venereal disease that is caused by pale treponema and is sexually transmitted in 90-99% of cases. It is manifested by specific skin rashes, enlarged lymph nodes, slow, progressive damage to various organs and systems. Clinical data, results of physical examination, microscopic and serological diagnostics are used to diagnose syphilis.…
Sheehan syndrome is a neuroendocrine disorder caused by the death of pituitary cells due to complicated childbirth or abortion. It is manifested by a decrease in milk secretion up to complete cessation, oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea, swelling of the body, brittle hair and nails, dizziness, fainting, weakness, fatigue, hyperpigmentation of the skin. For diagnosis, analysis of…