Umbilical cord prolapse is a complication during childbirth, characterized by its location below the adjacent part of the fetus with a violation of the integrity of the fetal bladder. Pathology is not accompanied by subjective clinical signs and is detected only during vaginal examination. Diagnostic measures include internal obstetric examination, ultrasonography. Most often, in order…
Uterine prolapse is the displacement of the internal genitalia with their partial or complete exit to the outside of the genital slit. When the uterus falls out, pressure is felt on the sacrum, a foreign body in the genital slit, violations of urination and defecation, pain during sexual intercourse, discomfort when walking. The prolapse of the…
Uterine inversion is a rare complication of the postpartum or postpartum period, in which there is a partial or complete uterine inversion by the mucous membrane outward. The causes of the condition most often lie in the improper management of childbirth and an attempt to forcibly separate the placenta, spontaneous inversion rarely occurs. It is…
Vulvodynia – painful sensations in the area of the vulva – a complex of female genital organs located outside of the entrance to the vagina. The pain has an acute, dull or itchy character and a long course, which leads to problems in a woman’s intimate life. It is not easy to determine the cause…
Vulvovaginitis is a primary non–infectious or infectious (specific or non-specific) inflammatory lesion of the mucous membrane of the external genitalia and vagina. Symptoms of vulvovaginitis of any etiology are represented by hyperemia, swelling, burning and itching of the vulva. The nature of the discharge from the genital tract depends on the cause / causative agent…
Vulvitis is an inflammation of the vulva (external female genital organs). It is characterized by the appearance of itching, burning, copious discharge, hyperemia and swelling of the labia, painful sensations after urination. The transition of infection to the internal genitalia is dangerous; in girls of early childhood, vulvitis can cause fusion of the labia minora.…
Vulvar vestibulitis is a chronic disorder that is manifested by pain, burning and itching that occur when touching, pressing or rubbing the vestibule of the vagina. To diagnose the disease, an examination on a gynecological chair, a test with a cotton applicator, vulvoscopy, laboratory methods are used. The treatment regimen is determined by the causes…
Vulvar varicosities are a variant of varicose veins of the pelvis, in which the vessels of the labia and perineum are affected. It is manifested by a characteristic deformation of the veins, which expand, overflow with blood, become convoluted, knotted. Less than half of the patients, along with a cosmetic defect, have swelling, heaviness, dull…
Secondary amenorrhea is the cessation of menstruation for six months or more in women of reproductive age with an established menstrual cycle. The defining sign is the absence of menstruation for at least six months. Secondary amenorrhea can be accompanied by lower abdominal pain (with uterine form), mental disorders (with psychogenic form), obesity (with endocrine…
Asherman syndrome are intrauterine adhesions leading to complete or partial obliteration of the uterine cavity. With Asherman syndrome, hypomenstrual syndrome or amenorrhea, algodismenorrhea, violation of childbearing function (miscarriage, infertility) is observed, sometimes a hematometer develops. Asherman syndrome is diagnosed by ultrasound, hysteroscopy, ultrasound-hysterosalpingoscopy, hormonal tests. Treatment consists in hysteroscopic dissection of synechiae, cyclic hormone therapy.…