Congenital uterine anomalies are changes in the location, shape, size, or proportions of an organ that occur as a result of developmental disorders in the prenatal period. It is often accompanied by functional disorders of the reproductive system, can be combined with malformations of other genitals. Infertility, miscarriage and pregnancy complications are possible. In some…
Umbilical cord anomalies are a group of conditions in which there is an incorrect structure or location of this structure, there are nodes, entanglement, tumors, cysts. At the same time, obvious signs of acute or chronic fetal hypoxia are noticeable: impaired motor activity, increased or slower heartbeat. Ultrasound, cardiotocography, dopplerometry, and postnatal placenta examination are…
Placental abnormalities are violations of the normal localization, attachment or shape of the placenta. They may be asymptomatic, characterized by signs of fetoplacental insufficiency from the second trimester of pregnancy, manifested by the threat of premature birth or bleeding. Diagnosis is carried out according to ultrasound, fetometry and fetal cardiotocography. No specific treatment has been developed.…
Androblastoma is a rare hormone–producing ovarian tumor. It is diagnosed mainly at a young age. It is manifested by the appearance of acne, the disappearance of menstruation, a change in the figure of the male type, hirsutism, coarsening of the voice and an increase in the clitoris. Less often there is premature isosexual development (in…
Anemia during pregnancy is a decrease in hemoglobin levels that occurred during gestation and is pathogenetically associated with it. It is manifested by weakness, fatigue, dizziness, perversion of taste and olfactory preferences, cardiac pain, muscle weakness, paresthesia, mucosal lesions, skin changes, nails, hair. It is diagnosed using a general clinical blood test and a laboratory…
Female genital abnormalities are violations of the shape, size, localization, quantity, symmetry and proportions of the internal and external genitalia. The cause of occurrence is unfavorable heredity, intoxication, infectious diseases, early and late gestosis, hormonal disorders, occupational hazards, stress, poor nutrition, poor ecology, etc. The diagnosis is established on the basis of complaints, anamnesis, external…
Anomalies of the hymen are congenital defects of the hymen, which are associated with its underdevelopment or a change in structure. They may not have symptoms. Sometimes a sign of an anomaly is the absence of menstrual bleeding in a teenager, hematocolpos, a violation of sexual function. Pathology is diagnosed during a gynecological examination, pelvic…
Anovulatory cycle is a monophasic menstrual cycle characterized by the absence of ovulation and the phase of development of the corpus luteum, while maintaining the regularity and rhythm of uterine bleeding. In gynecology, there are conditions accompanied by physiological anovulation (during periods of age-related rearrangements of the body), and a pathological anovulatory cycle in infertility.…
Anovulatory uterine bleeding is uterine bleeding during a single-phase (anovulatory) menstrual cycle. As a rule, it appears after a delay in menstruation, differs from normal menstrual bleeding by a longer duration and the amount of blood loss. It can provoke anemia. Anovulatory uterine bleeding occurs against the background of infantilism, malformations, chronic intoxication, infections, endocrine…
Tonsillitis during pregnancy is an acute infectious inflammation of the palatine, lingual tonsils, lymphadenoid tissues on the back wall of the pharynx and in the larynx that occurred during the gestational period. It is manifested by hyperthermia, severe intoxication syndrome, sore throat, enlargement and soreness of submandibular, rarely cervical lymph nodes. It is diagnosed by pharyngoscopy,…
