Snow blindness is a burn injury of the eye associated with damage to the conjunctiva and cornea by ultraviolet, infrared or powerful visible radiation. Snow blindness is manifested by signs of keratoconjunctivitis: photophobia, blepharospasm, lacrimation, swelling of the conjunctiva of the eyelids, erosions and ulcers of the cornea, temporary loss of vision. The diagnosis of…
Mixed astigmatism is a refractive pathology in which parallel rays of light penetrating through the optical media of the eye do not form the correct focal line on the retina. Clinical symptoms are represented by a decrease in visual acuity, blurring and distortion of the image under consideration, visual discomfort at dusk. Diagnostics is reduced…
Blindness is a pathological condition in which visual acuity is sharply reduced or completely absent. Depending on the form of the disease, clinical symptoms are represented by a decrease in visual acuity, the appearance of cattle, impaired color perception, loss of nasal or temporal halves from the visual field. The diagnosis of blindness is based…
Scleritis is an inflammatory process that affects the entire thickness of the outer connective tissue membrane of the eyeball. It is clinically manifested by hyperemia, injection of blood vessels, edema, soreness during palpation of the affected area or movements of the eyeball. Diagnosis of scleritis is reduced to external examination, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, visometry, tonometry, fluorescence…
Heerfordt syndrome is a bilateral mumps with uveitis and fever, presumably caused by sarcoidosis or a viral infection. It is possible to involve the respiratory tract, lymph nodes and facial nerve in the pathological process. The clinical picture is dominated by complaints of an increase in body temperature, visual impairment, enlargement of the parotid glands…
Fuchs’ syndrome is a form of chronic iridociliary dystrophy characterized by a monocular lesion with the formation of corneal precipitates. The main symptom of stage I is heterochromia of the irises. At stage II-III, patients note a decrease in visual acuity and the appearance of “fog” in front of their eyes. Diagnosis includes external examination, biomicroscopy, gonioscopy,…
Dry eye syndrome (xerophthalmia) is a condition of insufficient moisture on the surface of the cornea and conjunctiva due to a violation of the quality and quantity of tear fluid and instability of the tear film. The manifestations are burning and cutting, a feeling of sand in the eyes, lacrimation, photophobia, rapid fatigue during visual…
Marcus Gunn syndrome is a polyethological disease of the visual organ, manifested by blepharoptosis of the upper eyelid, which spontaneously rises during movements in the temporomandibular joint. Diagnostics includes anamnesis collection, external examination, radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ophthalmoscopy, visometry, biomicroscopy. Treatment tactics depend on the severity of ptosis. With minimal manifestations, surgical intervention is…
Red eye is a symptom that develops with inflammatory lesions of the eyelids, tear ducts, conjunctiva or cornea. Clinically, the disease is manifested by hyperemia, increased tear, edema, pain, visual dysfunction. To determine the causes of development, biomicroscopy, visometry, perimetry, ultrasound, gonioscopy, tonometry, ophthalmoscopy are performed. Conservative therapy includes the use of antibacterial drugs, NSAIDs, glucocorticosteroids,…
Bogorad syndrome is a pathology based on the development of which is the germination of the fibers of the facial or excretory nerves into the lacrimal and salivary glands. The main manifestations of the disease are increased lacrimation during meals, which can be combined with hypersalivation, photophobia, irritation of the skin of the face. MRI…