Diabetic cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eyeball, which leads to visual dysfunction up to amaurosis. The main symptoms of the disease: the appearance of floating “flies” in front of the eyes, diplopia, visual impairment. To make a diagnosis, such studies as visometry, biomicroscopy, retinoscopy, ophthalmoscopy and ultrasound in A-scan mode are…
Vitreous degeneration is a pathology of the organ of vision, accompanied by a violation of the physico–chemical properties of the colloidal gel of the vitreous body. Clinically, the disease is manifested by “flies” and other “floating opacities” in front of the eyes. With progression, visual acuity may decrease. Diagnostics is based on the results of…
Eyelid dermatitis is an inflammatory lesion of the skin of the eyelids. The main symptoms of the disease are burning, itching, specific rashes, hyperemia and edema. Laboratory methods (ELISA, PCR, determination of the IdE level, general blood analysis, histological examination of the biopsy) and instrumental methods of examination (biomicroscopy) are used for diagnosis. Depending on…
Ocular demodicosis is a pathology caused by parasitization of a conditionally pathogenic tick of the genus Demodex – acne gland. Clinically, the disease is manifested by itching, hyperemia of the eyelids, loss of eyelashes, accumulation of purulent masses in the corners of the eyes mainly in the morning. Diagnosis of demodecosis includes microscopic examination, biopsy…
Color blindness is a congenital, rarely acquired pathology of vision, characterized by abnormal color perception. Clinical symptoms depend on the form of the disease. Patients lose the ability to distinguish one or more colors to varying degrees. Diagnosis of color blindness is carried out using the Ishihara test, FALANT test, anomaloscopy and Rabkin polychromatic tables.…
Hyperopia (hypermetropia) is a refractive disorder in which images of objects focus not on the retina, but in the plane located behind it. With farsightedness, the ability to distinguish objects in the vicinity significantly worsens. In addition, hyperopia is accompanied by increased visual fatigue, headaches, burning in the eyes; high degrees of hypermetropia – poor…
Dacryocystitis is an inflammatory process in the lacrimal sac that develops against the background of obliteration or stenosis of the nasolacrimal canal. Dacryocystitis is manifested by constant lacrimation, mucopurulent discharge from the eyes, hyperemia and swelling of the lacrimal muscle, conjunctiva and semilunar fold, swelling of the lacrimal sac, local soreness, narrowing of the eye…
Dacryostenosis is a pathological narrowing of the tear ducts. There are congenital and acquired forms of dacryostenosis. Clinically, both forms manifest themselves in approximately the same way: lacrimation, lacrimation, purulent discharge from the affected eye. Diagnosis is carried out using basic methods (biomicroscopy, visometry, tonometry) and special (tubular samples, diagnostic washing and radiography of the…
Dacryolithiasis is a disease characterized by the formation of concretions (dacryolites) in the lacrimal duct. The main clinical symptoms are a feeling of “bursting”, soreness in the inner corner of the eye, impaired tear outflow, conjunctival hyperemia. To make a diagnosis, a physical examination, biomicroscopy, ultrasound of the eye, dacryocystography, Norn and Schirmer samples are…
Dacryoadenitis is an inflammatory lesion of the lacrimal gland. It rarely occurs on its own, more often it serves as a complication of various diseases. There are acute and chronic forms. Clinically acute dacryoadenitis is manifested by edema and pain in the projection of the lacrimal gland, a change in the shape of the eye…