Vitamin D deficiency is a micronutrient deficiency that leads to a violation of phosphorus–calcium metabolism, anti-infective and antitumor immunity, reproductive functions. D-deficiency in children is clinically manifested by rickets, in adults – osteoporosis, osteomalacia, muscle weakness, immunodeficiency, oncological and vascular diseases, reproductive disorders. The confirmatory diagnosis is based on determining the level of micronutrient in…
Dumping syndrome is a pathological condition that develops after gastric resection due to a violation of the neurohumoral regulation of the digestive system. The course of dumping syndrome is characterized by vegetative crises with attacks of dizziness, sweating, palpitations, weakness, the development of dyspeptic phenomena, fainting states. Diagnosis is based on the data of anamnesis,…
Paraduodenal hernia is a protrusion of the intra-abdominal organs into the duodenum-jejunum recess (Treitz pocket). The disease is manifested by periodic abdominal pain a few hours after eating, giving to the lower back, spine and epigastric region; belching, nausea and vomiting, constipation. Unpleasant sensations are intensified in an upright position. Diagnosis is based on the…
Hiatal hernia is a hernial protrusion formed by displacement into the thoracic cavity of anatomical structures that are normally placed under the diaphragm – the abdominal segment of the esophagus, the cardiac part of the stomach, intestinal loops. There is chest pain, heartburn, regurgitation, dysphagia, hiccups, arrhythmia. Diagnostics involves X-ray examination of the esophagus and stomach,…
Hyposplenism is a temporary or permanent hypofunction of the spleen caused by the absence, atrophy or functional failure of its parenchyma. It is manifested by frequent severe infectious diseases, dyspeptic disorders, in the later stages — skin hyperemia, severe headaches, dizziness, increased blood pressure, asthenia. It is diagnosed taking into account the data of a…
Folate deficiency is a disease characterized by vitamin B9 deficiency caused by its insufficient intake with food, malabsorption or accelerated excretion from the body. The main symptoms are pallor of the mucous membranes, depression, anxiety, high fatigue, insomnia, memory loss, digestive disorders, peeling and redness of the skin, stomatitis, folic deficiency anemia. Pregnant women have…
Vitamin E deficiency is a disease caused by a lack of vitamin E. Pathology develops with insufficient intake of food, impaired absorption from the intestine, transport to tissues. It is characterized by muscle weakness and hypotension, hemolytic anemia, coordination disorders, decreased proprioceptive sensitivity, menstrual cycle changes and decreased potency. The diagnosis is established on the…
Vitamin B6 deficiency is a disease that develops with a deficiency of vitamin B6 in food, a violation of its absorption from the intestine or intensive destruction and excretion from the body. At the initial stage, the symptoms are nonspecific: fatigue, general weakness, distraction, lethargy. With persistent vitamin deficiency, signs of seborrheic dermatitis, stomatitis, glossitis,…
Vitamin B2 deficiency is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin B2 in the diet, its insufficient absorption from the intestine or intensive destruction and excretion from the body. It is manifested by seborrheic dermatitis, rough scaly skin, swelling and soreness of the tongue, conjunctivitis, lacrimation, photophobia, redness and swelling of the lips, their…
Vitamin B12 deficiency is a disease caused by an insufficient content of vitamin B12 in the body. It is manifested by anemia, inflammation and burning of the tongue, the formation of redness on the skin, increased fatigue, insomnia, decreased appetite, abdominal pain, stomach upset, weight loss, numbness of fingers and muscle pain. With a prolonged…
