Tibial fracture is a violation of the integrity of a larger shin bone. In most cases, the fibula breaks along with the tibia. The damage is manifested by sharp pain, swelling, deformation, crepitation and pathological mobility in the shin area. Foot support is impossible. To clarify the diagnosis, radiography is prescribed. Treatment can be operative…
Pathological fracture is a violation of the integrity of the bone in the area of its pathological restructuring. It occurs as a result of a minor traumatic effect: a fall from a small height, a non-intense blow or even ordinary muscle tension. The cause of development is osteoporosis, osteomyelitis, malignant and benign neoplasms of bone…
Panaritium is an acute purulent inflammatory process localized in the tissues of the fingers (less often – toes) and occurs on the palm surface of the fingers. It is manifested by pain, swelling, redness, an increase in body temperature, symptoms of general intoxication. It is diagnosed on the basis of complaints and the results of…
Frostbite is a local tissue damage that develops when exposed to cold. Frostbite has a latent and reactive period coming after warming up. Pathology is manifested by discoloration, pain, sensitivity disorders, the appearance of blisters and foci of necrosis. Damage of the III and IV degrees leads to the development of gangrene and spontaneous rejection…
Acute osteomyelitis is an acute purulent inflammation in which all elements of the bone are affected: the periosteum, the bone itself and the bone marrow. Usually the surrounding soft tissues are involved in the process. The cause of development may be the penetration of pyogenic microbes hematogenically (through blood) or contact (through a wound or…
Osteitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the bone tissue. It affects long tubular bones more often, occurs less often in short tubular bones and vertebrae. It can be acute or chronic. Acute osteitis is manifested by intense tearing, jerking pains, edema, hyperemia, general intoxication. With chronic osteitis, the condition is satisfactory, the pain…
Osteochondroma is a benign tumor–like formation, which is a bony protrusion, covered from the outside with a cap of cartilage tissue, and filled from the inside with bone marrow contents. It is usually found in the metaphysical region of long tubular bones, as the bone grows, it shifts closer to its middle part. Tumor-like formations…
Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor originating from bone tissue. It is characterized by a tendency to rapid flow and early metastasis. In the initial stages, it is manifested by local pain, similar to the pain of rheumatism. In the future, there is swelling, restriction of movements in the nearby joint. The pains become sharp, unbearable.…
Osteoporosis is a disease of the skeleton with a change in the structure of bones: weight reduction, strength reduction and increased fragility. The disease is asymptomatic and is often detected only after a fracture of the radius, femoral neck or vertebral bodies. It is important not only to identify osteoporosis, but also to determine its…
Osteopenia is a pathological condition in which there is a decrease in bone density that does not reach the degree of osteoporosis. As a rule, it is asymptomatic. Accompanied by a slight increase in the likelihood of fractures. It is diagnosed accidentally during radiography or densitometry for other reasons or as part of a preventive…