Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a combined therapeutic and diagnostic procedure based on a combination of endoscopic and radiopaque technologies. With the help of ERCP, the system of the ducts of the liver and pancreas is visualized, the duodenal mucosa and the fater papilla are examined, and some therapeutic manipulations are performed. ERCP makes it…
Esophagus x-ray is a method of radiation diagnostics, which is aimed at visualizing the esophagus when a barium suspension passes through it. It helps to determine the location of this organ, the structure of the walls and sphincters, the size of the lumen, as well as to conclude about the features of its motor skills.…
Proctography is a method of X-ray examination of the rectum during defecation. It is used to visualize the distal segment of the large intestine and obtain data on its motor-evacuation function, as well as (indirectly) to display female genitalia (vagina and uterus). It is prescribed to identify dystrophic processes and assess the width of the…
Stomach x-ray is a non-invasive radiopaque technique used to detect diseases of the stomach, as well as the cardiac esophagus and duodenum. With the help of stomach x-ray with barium, it is possible to assess the condition of the mucous membranes and muscle ball of the walls of these organs, their general shape and size,…
Colon x-ray is a radiopaque technique for examining the large intestine with its retrograde filling with a contrasting barium suspension. It is performed to diagnose developmental abnormalities, scarring, colon tumors, chronic colitis, diverticulosis, fistulas. After a tight filling of the large intestine with barium suspension, the shape, location, length, extensibility, elasticity of the intestine, and…
Abdominal organs x-ray is a method of contrast-free X-ray diagnostics of the condition of the abdominal cavity. It is informative for judging the presence of fluid, free gas, and foreign bodies in the abdominal cavity. According to survey radiographs, perforations and ruptures of hollow organs are diagnosed (by the presence of free gas), intestinal obstruction…
Fluorography is a preventive and diagnostic method of X-ray examination of the chest cavity and lungs. Fluorography is a screening study for the detection of cancer, tuberculosis and occupational lung diseases, recommended for healthy individuals once a year. Fluorograms are images of 70×70 or 110×110 mm in size, less informative compared to standard radiographs, but…
Lung x-ray is a method of general radiological examination, which consists in obtaining radiographs in direct and lateral (right or left) projections. The choice of projection is determined by the task of the study and the localization of the pathological process. Lung x-ray in projections is used to diagnose tumor, inflammatory, systemic diseases, malformations, traumatic…
Chest x-ray is an radiography examination, the purpose of which is to assess the condition of bone structures, to identify pathological processes in the pleural cavity and lung tissue. It is prescribed for suspected hemo- or pneumothorax with multiple rib fractures and combined trauma. It is performed to control the condition of the lungs during…
Bronchography is a method of special radiopaque examination, which allows to obtain a distinct shadow image of the macrostructure of the tracheobronchial tree. It allows to diagnose bronchiectasis, intraluminal tumors, stenosis, obstruction of the bronchus by a foreign body, to determine the level of localization of the lesion for subsequent resection. It is performed by…