Lameness develops with injuries, degenerative and inflammatory diseases of bones, joints, soft tissues, vascular diseases, neurological, dermatological pathologies. It may occur due to pain, limb deformity, paresis, blood supply disorders. Lameness can be permanent, periodic or intermittent. The diagnosis is made on the basis of anamnesis, examination data, radiography, CT, and other studies. Before determining…
Oligokinesia is a typical manifestation of various forms of Parkinsonism: primary or symptomatic, parkinsonism-plus. It occurs in temporal lobe epilepsy, some encephalopathies and mental disorders. The cause is established on the basis of complaints, anamnesis data, results of neurological examination and additional diagnostic procedures. Treatment includes dopaminomimetics, symptomatic agents. According to the indications, surgical interventions…
Limitation of the amplitude of movements is observed in lesions of the musculoskeletal system, including injuries, inflammatory, degenerative, infectious diseases. It occurs in nervous diseases, some other pathologies. It can be temporary or permanent. Partial stable restriction of movements is called contracture, almost complete – rigidity, complete – ankylosis. To determine the diagnosis, a survey,…
Hypomimia is observed in a number of neurological and mental diseases: Parkinson’s disease, myopathy, facial nerve paresis, catatonia, depressive, generalized anxiety, hysterical and bipolar affective disorders. It is detected in hypothyroidism and scleroderma. The cause of the development of a masked face is established on the basis of a survey, anamnestic data, the results of…
Bradykinesia is a slowing down of movements. As a rule, it occurs with a simultaneous increase in muscle tone, provoked by the defeat of the extrapyramidal system in Parkinson’s disease, secondary Parkinsonism of various etiologies, some degenerative diseases. In mental disorders, hypothyroidism is not associated with pathology of intracerebral structures, occurs with a decrease in…
Patellar balloting is a condition in which the patella sinks into the joint during pressure until it comes into contact with the underlying bones, and when the pressure stops, it rises back. Indicates the presence of fluid in the joint. It is caused by the accumulation of blood – hemarthrosis or inflammatory fluid – synovitis.…
Vaginal burning is mainly found in vaginal lesions (thrush, nonspecific vaginitis, venereal infections). The cause of discomfort may be herpes infection, genital allergy, HPV infection and pathology of the urinary system. Gynecological examination, microscopic and bacteriological analysis of vaginal secretions, instrumental methods (colposcopy, ultrasound, biopsy) are prescribed for the diagnosis of etiological factors of burning.…
Anus burning is a symptom of most proctological diseases: acute and chronic proctitis, anal fissure, hemorrhoids. The causes of discomfort are often rectal neoplasia, coccygodynia, perianal dermatitis. To diagnose the etiology of unpleasant manifestations, instrumental techniques are prescribed (ultrasound, rectoromanoscopy, anal manometry and EMNG), laboratory tests (coprogram, examination for helminth eggs, histology of biopsies). Microclysms and…
Chest burning develops in gastroenterological (ERGE, achalasia of the cardia), cardiological (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction), pulmonological diseases (bronchitis, pleurisy, pulmonary bleeding). The symptom occurs in intercostal neuralgia, as well as as a component of a panic attack. To find out the cause of chest burning, tests are prescribed (hemogram, blood biochemistry, myocardial markers), instrumental methods – ECG…
Burning is a mixed sensation of heat, tingling, itching and painful discomfort on the skin or mucous membranes. Burning sensation of the skin can be accompanied by burns, dermatitis, allergodermatosis, senestopathy. Similar sensations on the mucous membranes of the genitals occur with vulvovaginitis in women, urethritis and balanoposthitis in men. Discomfort in the chest can be a…