Breast cyst is a volumetric formation of a non–tumor nature, represented by an expanded duct filled with liquid contents, one of the forms of mastopathy. The disease is manifested by the presence of a dense elastic node in the depth of the organ, detected by palpation, cyclic swelling of the breast, accompanied by pain, sometimes…
Calcification in breast are areas of calcification of the soft tissues of the breast that have arisen on the background or as a result of other diseases. Clinically, they do not manifest themselves in anything, they are probed in exceptional cases: for large sizes (more than 1 cm) and subcutaneous location. Mammography is used for…
Breast fat necrosis is a focal aseptic necrosis of the fatty tissue of the breast with its subsequent replacement by scar tissue. Fat necrosis is characterized by the appearance of a dense painful formation deforming the mammary gland; skin retraction and a change in its color, which first of all makes you think about tumor…
Hypogalactia is a complication of the postpartum period, in which the level of milk excretion does not meet the child’s needs for nutrients necessary for normal development. A decrease in lactation is manifested by the restless behavior of the baby, a slowdown in body weight gain. To make a diagnosis, a control weighing of the…
Galactocele is a cyst of the mammary gland, the contents of which is a milky liquid. Cysts of small size are asymptomatic, and only with their increase there is discomfort in the chest and its deformation, signs of intoxication are added to infection. When diagnosing galactocele, the data of anamnesis, complaints and objective examination of…
Juvenile chlorosis is a special variant of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in girls during puberty. Pathology occurs against the background of hormonal changes in puberty, predisposing factors are an unbalanced diet, heavy menstruation, stomach diseases. Chlorosis is manifested by pale skin with a greenish tinge, weakness, dystrophic changes in hair and nails. Often girls are…
Chronic leukemia is a primary tumor disease of the hematopoiesis system, the substrate of which is mature and maturing cells of the myeloid or lymphoid series. Various forms occur with a predominance of intoxication (weakness, arthralgia, ossalgia, anorexia, weight loss), thrombohemorrhagic (bleeding, thrombosis of various localization), lymphoproliferative syndromes (enlarged lymph nodes, splenomegaly, etc.). Crucial in…
Chlorosis is a special form of iron deficiency anemia in young girls and women of perimenopausal age caused by hormonal changes. The clinical picture includes general weakness, pallor of the skin with a greenish tinge, dystrophic changes in the appendages of the skin (hair and nails). Also, patients are often disturbed by dizziness, fainting, perversions…
Folic deficiency anemia is megaloblastic anemia caused by a violation of bone marrow hematopoiesis due to a deficiency of folic acid (vitamin B9). With folic deficiency anemia, all signs of anemic syndrome develop (pallor, weakness, tachycardia, decreased blood pressure), minor jaundice, enlarged spleen, anorexia, unstable stool. In order to confirm the diagnosis, a study of…
Thrombocytopenia is a quantitative violation of the platelet link of hemostasis, characterized by a decrease in the number of platelets per unit volume of blood. Clinical signs of thrombocytopenia include increased bleeding from damaged skin and mucous membranes, a tendency to bruise and hemorrhagic rash, spontaneous bleeding of various localizations (nasal, gingival, gastric, uterine, etc.).…