Thrombocytopenic purpura is a type of hemorrhagic diathesis characterized by a deficiency of red blood platelets – platelets, more often caused by immune mechanisms. Signs of thrombocytopenic purpura are spontaneous, multiple, polymorphic hemorrhages in the skin and mucous membranes, as well as nasal, gingival, uterine and other bleeding. If thrombocytopenic purpura is suspected, anamnestic and…
Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia is an inherited blood pathology caused by dysfunction of the platelet hemostasis link and manifested by hemorrhagic syndrome. It is accompanied by the appearance of petechial rash, repeated and prolonged bleeding (from the nose, gums, the hole of the removed tooth, wounds, gastrointestinal tract, uterus). Possible hemorrhages in the retina, brain. Diagnosis is…
Thalassemia is hereditary hemoglobinopathies characterized by inhibition of the synthesis of chain protein molecules forming the structure of hemoglobin. This leads to damage to the erythrocyte membrane and destruction of red blood cells with the development of hemolytic crises. Signs are characteristic bone changes, hepatosplenomegaly, anemic syndrome. The diagnosis is confirmed by clinical and laboratory…
Evans syndrome is a rare disease represented by a combination of hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Pathology has an idiopathic character, among the provoking factors are viral infections, autoimmune diseases. The syndrome is manifested by spontaneous bleeding, hemorrhages in the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath during exercise. For diagnosis, clinical, immunological and biochemical blood…
Iron overload syndrome is a pathological condition in which excessive accumulation of iron ions (Fe) occurs in the human body, which leads to damage to internal organs. It may have a primary nature due to a genetic mutation or occur a second time against the background of blood and liver diseases, multiple blood transfusions. The…
Sideroblastic anemia is an acquired or hereditary blood disease characterized by hypochromia of erythrocytes, high levels of serum iron with deposition in the tissues of organs. The clinical picture is represented by anemic syndrome (dizziness, fatigue, pallor of the skin), hemosiderosis of internal organs (hepatomegaly, cardiomegaly, CRF), a change in the blood picture. The diagnosis…
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy caused by the synthesis of abnormal hemoglobin S, a change in the shape and properties of red blood cells. Disease is manifested by hemolytic, aplastic, sequestration crises, vascular thrombosis, bone and joint pain and swelling of the extremities, skeletal changes, splenic and hepatomegaly. The diagnosis is confirmed by…
Sepsis is a common purulent infection that develops due to the penetration and circulation of various pathogens and their toxins in the blood. The clinical picture of sepsis consists of intoxication syndrome (fever, chills, pale earthy coloration of the skin), thrombohemorrhagic syndrome (hemorrhages into the skin, mucous membranes, conjunctiva), metastatic lesions of tissues and organs…
Senile purpura are small bruises that occur in the elderly due to increased fragility of blood vessels and other age—related changes in the structure of the skin. Predisposing factors include the influence of ultraviolet radiation, anticoagulant therapy. The disease is manifested by bruises, which are usually located on the hands and appear for no apparent…
Posthemorrhagic anemia is a complex of clinical and hematological changes resulting from acute or chronic blood loss. Disease is characterized by pallor, shortness of breath, darkening of the eyes, dizziness, hypothermia, arterial hypotension; in severe cases – lethargy, thready pulse, shock, loss of consciousness. Pathology is diagnosed according to the clinical picture and a blood…
