Radiation sickness is a complex of general and local reactive changes caused by the effect of increased doses of ionizing radiation on cells, tissues and the environment of the body. Radiation sickness occurs with the phenomena of hemorrhagic diathesis, neurological symptoms, hemodynamic disorders, a tendency to infectious complications, gastrointestinal and skin lesions. Diagnosis is based…
Leukemia is a malignant lesion of bone marrow tissue that leads to impaired maturation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells–precursors of leukocytes, their uncontrolled growth and dissemination throughout the body in the form of leukemic infiltrates. Symptoms can be weakness, weight loss, fever, bone pain, causeless hemorrhages, lymphadenitis, splenic and hepatomegaly, meningeal symptoms, frequent infections. The…
Coagulopathy are hematological syndromes characterized by a violation of hemostasis by the type of hypo- or hypercoagulation. Hemocoagulation disorders are manifested by hemorrhagic syndrome (nosebleeds, gums, wounds, subcutaneous hemorrhages), thrombosis of various localization. Pathology are diagnosed according to hematological studies: UAC, coagulogram, coagulation factors, platelets, autoantibodies, etc. Therapy depends on the impaired link of hemostasis,…
Iron deficiency anemia is a syndrome caused by iron deficiency and leading to a violation of hemoglobinopoiesis and tissue hypoxia. Clinical manifestations are represented by general weakness, drowsiness, decreased mental performance and physical endurance, tinnitus, dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath during exercise, palpitation, pallor. Hypochromic anemia is confirmed by laboratory data: a study of clinical…
Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a disorder of hemostasis associated with hyperstimulation and a shortage of reserves of the blood coagulation system, leading to the development of thrombotic, microcirculatory and hemorrhagic disorders. With disease, there is a petechial hematoma rash, increased bleeding, organ dysfunction, and in acute cases, the development of shock, hypotension, severe bleeding, ODN…
Histiocytosis X is a systemic disease characterized by the formation of specific cellular granulomas in various organs and tissues. The most typical clinical manifestations include skin rashes, cough, unilateral exophthalmos. There is also tooth loss, an increase in peripheral lymph nodes, signs of diabetes insipidus (polyuria, polydipsia). The diagnosis is verified by histological examination of…
Vitamin K deficiency is a pathological condition characterized by a decrease in the content of vitamin K in the body. The main clinical manifestations are due to the deterioration of blood clotting function – nosebleeds, hemorrhagic rashes on the skin, hemorrhages in internal organs. In women, menstruation becomes abundant. The diagnosis is made on the…
Hypersplenism is a pathological condition characterized by increased destruction of shaped blood elements (erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes) in the sinusoids of the spleen. It is a consequence of an enlarged spleen. The clinical picture is determined by the underlying disease, as well as cytopenic syndrome – anemia, bleeding, infections. The diagnosis is made by the presence…
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a specific complication of heparin treatment, in which the level of platelets in the blood decreases, the probability of paradoxical thrombosis sharply increases. There are HIT types 1 and 2, the greatest danger of thrombosis is type 2 of the disease. Clinical manifestations include arterial and venous thrombosis, skin lesions…
Bleeding diathesis is a common name for a number of hematological syndromes that develop with a violation of one or another link of hemostasis (platelet, vascular, plasma). Common to all hemorrhagic diatheses, regardless of their origin, are the syndrome of increased bleeding (recurrent, prolonged, intense bleeding, hemorrhages of various localizations) and posthemorrhagic anemia syndrome. Determination…