Subclinical hypothyroidism is a preclinical stage of hypofunction of the thyroid gland (thyroid gland), characterized by an increase in the level of thyrotropin at normal values of free fractions of thyroid hormones. Specific symptoms of hypothyroidism are absent or expressed minimally (anxiety, mood depression, fatigue, decreased attention and memory). Metabolic syndrome often develops. The diagnosis…
Steroid diabetes is an endocrine pathology that develops as a result of a high content of adrenal cortex hormones in the blood plasma and a violation of carbohydrate metabolism. It is manifested by symptoms of hyperglycemia: fatigue, increased thirst, frequent profuse urination, dehydration, increased appetite. Specific diagnostics is based on laboratory detection of hyperglycemia, assessment…
Euthyroid sick syndrome is a change in the level of thyroid hormones that is not associated with thyroid disease. It occurs in several variants: a decrease in T3, a decrease in T3 and T4, an increase in T3 and T4, a decrease or increase in TSH. There are no symptoms of thyroid dysfunction. To diagnose…
Schmidt syndrome is a multiple endocrinopathy with a hereditary predisposition, including primary chronic adrenal insufficiency (CAI), autoimmune thyroid disease (more often in the form of lymphocytic thyroiditis, less often – diffuse toxic goiter). The clinic consists of symptoms of hypocorticism (hyperpigmentation of the skin, signs of hypoglycemia, hypotension), hypothyroidism (swelling, lethargy, hair loss) or thyrotoxicosis…
Somogyi effect is a condition of relative hyperglycemia after hypoglycemia, provoked by the periodic administration of large doses of insulin. Fluctuations in sugar levels are manifested by a combination of symptoms of hypo- and hyperglycemia. Patients experience bouts of hunger, excessive sweating, trembling, weakness, dizziness, daytime drowsiness. Visual disturbances in the form of double vision,…
Pickwickian syndrome is an insufficiency of alveolar respiration on the background of severe obesity. It is manifested by a significant increase in body weight, shortness of breath at rest and during exercise, cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes, edema, daytime drowsiness, fatigue, high blood pressure. Diagnostics includes general and biochemical examination of blood, coagulogram,…
Nelson syndrome is an endocrine disease that develops as a consequence of bilateral adrenalectomy or prolonged mitotan therapy. It is characterized by the formation and / or growth of pituitary adenoma, excessive production of ACTH, chronic insufficiency of the adrenal cortex (CIAC). A specific symptom is pathological pigmentation of the mucous membranes, skin. There is…
Mauriac syndrome is one of the complications of insulin–dependent diabetes mellitus that develops in children. It is manifested by a delay in physical and sexual development, obesity, osteoporosis, hepatomegaly. Diagnosis of the syndrome is based on a detailed medical history, external examination of the child, laboratory blood tests (unstable glucose levels, dyslipidemia), ultrasound and radiography…
Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome is a group of hereditary diseases characterized by multiple tumor or hyperplastic lesions of the endocrine glands. Clinical manifestations of multiple endocrine neoplasias are caused by the type of syndrome: in MEN type 1, the parathyroid glands, adenohypophysis, pancreas are involved in the pathological process; in MEN type 2A, the thyroid…
Cushing syndrome is a pathological symptom complex that occurs due to hypercorticism, i.e. increased secretion of the hormone cortisol by the adrenal cortex or prolonged treatment with glucocorticoids. It is necessary to distinguish Cushing syndrome from Cushing disease, which is understood as secondary hypercorticism that develops with pathology of the hypothalamic-pituitary system. Diagnosis includes examination…