Chronic glomerulonephritis is a progressive diffuse immuno–inflammatory lesion of the glomerular apparatus of the kidneys with an outcome of sclerosis and renal failure. It may be asymptomatic, include an increase in blood pressure, edema, and disorders of the general condition. In diagnostics, urine test, ultrasound of the kidneys, morphological examination of renal tissue (biopsy), intravenous…
Chronic renal failure is a gradual extinction of renal functions caused by the death of nephrons due to chronic kidney disease. In the initial stages, it is asymptomatic, followed by disorders of the general condition and urinary excretion, edema, itching of the skin. Gradual deterioration of kidney function leads to disruption of the vital activity…
Chronic urinary retention is the inability to completely empty the bladder. Symptoms depend on the amount of residual urine, represented by the underlying disease. When the volume of residual fluid is more than 150-200 ml, there are complaints of heaviness in the lower abdomen, frequent urge to urinate. Diagnosis involves ultrasound of the pelvic organs,…
Funiculocele is a cyst of the spermatic cord located between the leaves of its own shells and filled with serous fluid. The size of the formation (from 2-3 mm to 8-10 cm) correlates with clinical manifestations. A small funiculocele is asymptomatic, with a large cyst there are complaints of discomfort in the scrotum, which increases…
Phimosis is a narrowing of the foreskin, in which it is difficult or impossible to remove the head of the penis. The symptoms are variable, depending on the severity of the phimotic ring. In children under 5 years of age, in most cases there are no unpleasant clinical manifestations, in adults, pain and microcracks appear…
Urosepsis is a generalized nonspecific infectious and inflammatory process caused by the penetration of uroinfectious pathogens and their toxins into the bloodstream. It is manifested by sudden deterioration of the condition, hyperthermia, chills, tachycardia, oliguria, symptoms of general intoxication, aggravating the main uropathology. It is diagnosed with the help of blood and urine tests, ultrasound,…
Urethritis is an inflammation of the walls of the urethra (urethra). Signs are pain, pain and burning when urinating, pathological discharge from the urethra, the nature of which depends on the causative agent of the disease. In complicated cases, the inflammatory process also passes to neighboring pelvic organs: prostate, bladder and scrotum organs. Another consequence…
Ureterocele is a defect of the ureter characterized by cystic expansion of its distal part and bulging into the bladder cavity. Pathology is accompanied by lower back pain, dysuric disorders, hematuria. Diagnosis includes ultrasound of the bladder and kidneys, excretory urography, cystography, cystoscopy. Treatment consists in dissecting the narrowed mouth of the ureter and removing…
Ureteritis is an inflammation of the ureter. Isolated process is rare, the lesion is more often associated with prolonged chronic cystitis, pyelonephritis. There are no pathognomonic symptoms, clinical manifestations are due to the underlying pathology, include pain during urination, pain in the groin and lower back, hyperthermia. Diagnosis is based on the results of imaging…
Uremia is a severe clinical manifestation of progressive renal insufficiency caused by autointoxication with nitrogenous and other toxic metabolites. It is manifested by increasing asthenia, pallor and subictericity of the skin, painful itching, petechial rash, arterial hypertension, ammonia odor from the mouth, dyspeptic disorders, respiratory disorders. It is diagnosed using a biochemical blood test, a…