Atrophic gastritis is a chronic type A gastritis, in which the number of gastric glands decreases, acid–forming function decreases. It is considered a precancerous condition. It is manifested by heaviness and dull pains in the stomach, nausea, heartburn, dyspeptic phenomena, anemia. The most significant diagnostic methods are: gastroscopy with sampling and histology of biopsies, various…
Duodenal atresia is an obliteration of the lumen of the duodenal canal, which causes congenital intestinal obstruction. It occurs in the period of embryonic development, is provoked by teratogenic effects and is often accompanied by other gastrointestinal defects. Signs of duodenal obstruction appear from birth and include repeated vomiting, lack of meconium, prolonged jaundice. Ultrasound…
Gastric atony is a loss of stomach muscle tone resulting from damage to nerve fibers or general severe asthenia. The cause of pathology can be any serious disease: peritonitis, infectious diseases, myocardial infarction, surgery, trauma, sudden weight loss, severe stress. It is manifested by pain in the epigastrium, belching, nausea, worsening of symptoms after eating.…
Ascites is a secondary condition characterized by the accumulation of exudate or transudate in the free abdominal cavity. Clinically manifested by an increase in abdominal volume, heaviness, a feeling of bursting and abdominal pain, shortness of breath. Diagnosis includes ultrasound, CT, ultrasound, diagnostic laparoscopy with examination of ascitic fluid. For pathogenetic treatment, it is necessary…
Asplenia is a congenital or acquired pathology characterized by the absence of a spleen. This condition is manifested by increased thrombosis and a decrease in the body’s resistance to infections. In the presence of a congenital combined defect, cardiac symptoms prevail: cyanosis of the skin and lips, shortness of breath, tachycardia, hyper- or hypotension. The…
Aseptic peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum that occurs under the influence of non-infectious factors (pancreatic enzymes, accumulation of blood, bile, urine with ruptures of internal organs, injuries) and is accompanied by a pronounced disruption of vital organs. Due to the peculiarities of pathogenesis, the disease soon acquires an infectious and inflammatory character. Diagnosis…
Appendicitis is an acute, rarely chronic form of inflammation of the appendage of the caecum – appendix (appendix). Depending on the form, it may occur with pain in the right iliac region of varying severity, digestive disorders (nausea, vomiting, delayed stools and gases), increased body temperature. When recognizing appendicitis, they rely on positive diagnostic symptoms…
Appendicular abscess is a delimited area of purulent inflammation of the peritoneum, resulting from the destruction of the vermiform process. It manifests itself on 5-6 days after the clinic of acute appendicitis with a sharp exacerbation of fever and pain syndrome, tachycardia, intoxication, dyspeptic phenomena. The diagnosis is established after studying the anamnesis, conducting a…
Antral gastritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the stomach that affects the mucous membrane in the outlet (antrum). It refers to chronic gastritis type B – bacterially caused. It is manifested by pain in the epigastrium (hungry or a couple of hours after eating), nausea, belching acid, dyspeptic phenomena with preserved appetite. The main…
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is a disease characterized by the appearance of an unformed stool during or after taking antibacterial drugs. The disease is accompanied by dyspeptic symptoms (easing of stool, gas formation). In severe cases, intense abdominal pain, weakness, fever appear. Diagnosis is based on establishing the connection of taking AB with the development of diarrhea.…