Sjogren’s syndrome is an autoimmune systemic lesion of connective tissue characterized by exocrine glandular and extra–glandular manifestations. The most frequent glandular manifestation is a decrease in the secretion of the lacrimal and salivary glands, accompanied by burning in the eyes and dryness of the nasopharynx. Extra-vascular manifestations include myalgia, muscle weakness, arthralgia, hemorrhages, enlarged lymph nodes, neuritis, etc.…
Giant cell arteritis (Horton’s disease) is an inflammatory disease (vasculitis) with an autoimmune mechanism of development, affecting mainly large and medium intra- and extracranial vessels. Inflammation of the vascular wall of the branches of the external carotid artery is most often observed. Diagnosis includes clinical and neurological examination of the patient, assessment of laboratory data,…
Takayasu’s arteritis (nonspecific aortoarteritis) is an idiopathic inflammatory lesion of the aorta, its departments and large arterial branches. The etiology is unclear, presumably there is an autoimmune nature of development. The clinical course of nonspecific aortoarteritis depends on the level of damage to the aorta (arch, thoracic or abdominal aorta) or the pulmonary artery with its branches.…
Still’s disease is a serious disease manifested by fever, polyarthritis. Transient skin rashes and systemic inflammatory lesions of somatic organs. Pathology is diagnosed using the method of excluding other diseases based on clinical symptoms, laboratory data, results of examination of affected joints, lymphoreticular and cardiopulmonary systems. Treatment is carried out mainly with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and…
Kawasaki disease is a rare immunocomplex inflammatory lesion of arteries of various calibers, occurring mainly in children of the first years of life. Kawasaki disease is manifested by fever, polymorphic diffuse rash, conjunctivitis, lesions of the oral mucosa, skin and joints of the distal extremities, cervical adenopathy. The diagnosis is based on clinical criteria, the…
Behcet’s disease is a disease of a group of systemic vasculitis with lesions of small and medium–sized arteries and veins, recurrent erosive ulceration of the mucous membranes of the mouth, genitals, eyes, skin, involvement of internal organs and joints. Manifestations are diverse and may include aphthous stomatitis, genital ulcers, cutaneous and subcutaneous nodular erythema, uveitis,…
Hand arthrosis is a chronic degenerative disease of small joints, accompanied by gradual destruction of cartilage, changes in surrounding tissues and restriction of function. Characteristic symptoms are pain that increases after physical exertion, stiffness after a period of rest, joint deformities. Pathology is diagnosed on the basis of complaints, anamnesis, physical examination data, radiography results.…
Arthritis is a heterogeneous group of inflammatory lesions of joints of various genesis, which involve synovial membranes, capsule, cartilage, and other elements of the joint. Arthritis can have an infectious-allergic, traumatic, metabolic, dystrophic, reactive and other origin. Disease clinic consists of arthralgia, swelling, effusion, hyperemia and local fever, dysfunction, joint deformities. The nature is clarified…
Hip arthritis is a pathological inflammatory reaction that develops in the articular surfaces of the acetabulum and the femoral head. With hip arthritis, patients are concerned about pain in the groin, hip or buttocks, stiffness and limited range of motion, difficulty walking, limping gait. The type of arthritis is established by ultrasound, X-ray, MRI of…
Arthritis in foot is a pathology characterized by inflammatory changes in the osteoarticular apparatus of the foot. In the clinical course of arthritis, stiffness and pain in the foot during walking, hyperemia and swelling of soft tissues, deformity of the foot are noted. Diagnosis of arthritis involves X-ray, MRI, ultrasound, biochemical and immunological blood analysis,…