Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor of the bile ducts. The symptoms of the disease are mainly associated with cholestasis (jaundice, itching of the skin), and patients may also experience pain in the right hypochondrium, a sharp loss of body weight. Ultrasound of abdominal organs, computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),…
Follicular thyroid cancer is a form of thyroid cancer characterized by the follicular structure of the tumor. It is manifested by the presence of a tumor-like formation in the thyroid gland, pain, voice changes, difficulty breathing and swallowing in combination with general symptoms of cancer. Rarely affects regional lymph nodes. It can metastasize to the…
Fibrosarcoma is a malignant tumor of connective tissue origin. Develops in the thickness of the muscles, can be asymptomatic for a long time. It is a painless, round, dense, fine-grained knot, well delimited from the surrounding tissues. The skin above the tumor is not changed. Highly differentiated fibrosarcomas, as a rule, proceed quite favorably, low-differentiated…
Breast fibrolipoma is a benign tumor consisting of fatty and fibrous tissue. It usually occurs in women over 40 years of age. It is a dense, mobile, painless node that is not soldered to the skin and underlying tissues. The course is long, asymptomatic. When enlarged, it can cause visible deformation of the breast. Calcification…
Thymoma is a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, different in histogenesis and degree of maturity, originating from the epithelial tissue of the thymus gland. Variants of the clinical course of thymoma can be different: from asymptomatic to pronounced (compression, pain, myasthenic, intoxication syndrome). Topographic-anatomical and etiological diagnosis is established using radiation methods (radiography, CT of the…
Mediastinal teratoma is a congenital neoplasm of embryonic origin located in the mediastinal zone. It is usually benign, less often – malignant. Mediastinal teratoma is prone to prolonged asymptomatic course. As a rule, it manifests in adolescence or during gestation. It is manifested by breathing difficulties, coughing, hemoptysis, palpitations and chest pains. Compression of the…
Teratoma is an embryonic cell tumor developing from endo-exo- and mesoderm layers. It can be benign or malignant. It is located in the testicles, ovaries or extragonadally. Small benign tumors are asymptomatic. Large teratomas cause compression of nearby organs with the appearance of appropriate symptoms. Malignant neoplasms can metastasize. The diagnosis is made on the…
Somatostatinoma is a rare hormonally active neoplasm originating from delta cells of the islets of Langerhans located in the pancreas, less often from cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system localized in the duodenum. It is manifested by pain, dyspepsia, steatorrhea, weight loss and anemia. It is accompanied by the development of diabetes mellitus and cholelithiasis.…
Tumor collapse syndrome is a symptom complex caused by the rapid destruction of a large number of malignant neoplasia cells. It usually occurs in the treatment of diseases of the blood system, less often – in the treatment of other oncological diseases. It is accompanied by metabolic disorders that cause the development of arrhythmia, bradycardia,…
Lynch syndrome is a hereditary disease accompanied by the development of malignant neoplasms in the large intestine. Clinical manifestations are similar to other types of colorectal cancer. Distinctive features are early onset, high frequency of primary multiple tumors and predominant lesion of the right parts of the large intestine. In Lynch-II syndrome, colorectal cancer is…