Ovarian cancer metastasis is a malignant neoplasm of the ovary that has arisen as a result of the spread of primary tumor cells located in another organ. In the initial stages, it is asymptomatic. With large metastases, there are pains, a feeling of pressure, difficulty urinating, constipation and an increase in the size of the…
Liver metastases is a secondary liver tumor that has arisen as a result of the spread of malignant cells from the primary focus located in another organ. It is accompanied by nonspecific symptoms of cancer (hyperthermia, weight loss and appetite), an increase in the liver and its soreness during palpation. In the later stages, the…
Brain metastases are secondary foci resulting from local aggressive growth, hematogenous and lymphogenic metastasis of malignant neoplasms of other localizations. 30% of patients are asymptomatic. In other cases, brain tumors are manifested by headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, focal symptoms, mental and emotional disorders. When the spinal cord is affected, pain, sensory and motor disorders occur. The…
Spinal metastases are a secondary malignant lesion of the spinal column that occurs during the migration of tumor cells from a focus located in another organ. They are manifested by pain, impaired sensitivity and movement, paresis, paralysis, pelvic disorders, hypercalcemia and pathological fractures. The diagnosis of “metastases in the spine” is established taking into account…
Lung metastases are secondary neoplasms that have arisen during the migration of malignant cells from another organ. At the initial stage, symptoms of general intoxication and recurrent colds are manifested. Subsequently, shortness of breath, chest pain and cough with an admixture of blood appear. The diagnosis is made taking into account clinical manifestations, X-ray data,…
Bone metastases are secondary malignant foci in the bone tissue caused by the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor of another organ. They are manifested by increasing pain, hypercalcemia and pathological fractures. In some cases, a dense tumor-like formation may be detected in the affected area. With compression of large vessels, circulatory disorders…
Metastases are secondary malignant tumors of various organs and tissues that have arisen as a result of hematogenic, lymphogenic or implantation spread of malignant cells of the primary neoplasm. They can be found in any organ. In the early stages, they are asymptomatic. Subsequently, clinical manifestations depend on the localization of metastasis. The diagnosis is…
Anorectal melanoma is a malignant tumor that develops from melanocytes and is localized in the lower ampullary rectum or in various areas of the anorectal zone. It is manifested by bleeding, pain, foreign body sensation in the anus, constipation, tenesmus and anal itching. It is prone to early lymphogenic and hematogenic metastasis, the first clinical…
Medullary thyroid cancer is a rare hormone-active malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland originating from parafollicular cells. It is characterized by aggressiveness, high tendency to hematogenic and lymphogenic metastasis. It is asymptomatic for a long time. Subsequently, it is manifested by pain, voice changes, coughing, breathing difficulties and enlarged lymph nodes. The diagnosis is made…
Mantle cell lymphoma is a mature B–cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that arises from small and medium-sized cells with irregular nuclear contours. The main cause of the disease is called CCND1 gene translocation. Clinical manifestations include a slightly painful enlargement of lymph nodes, hepatosplenomegaly, nonspecific intoxication syndrome. The diagnosis of a mantle cell tumor is based on…