Spondylodiscitis is an infectious and inflammatory lesion of the intervertebral discs and adjacent vertebral bodies. The disease occurs when infected with bacterial or parasitic agents. The main manifestation is constant back pain, which is not subject to standard medical correction. Later, neurological disorders, mobility limitations, disorders of pelvic organ function are added. To diagnose spondylodiscitis,…
Spondylosis is a chronic degenerative lesion of the spine that develops as a result of aging, overloads or injuries of the spinal column. It is accompanied by dystrophic changes in the anterior parts of the intervertebral discs, calcification of the anterior longitudinal ligament and the formation of osteophytes in the anterior and lateral parts of…
Tabes dorsalis is a clinical variant of neurosyphilis caused by a degenerative lesion of the posterior parts of the spinal cord. The clinical picture is dominated by paroxysmal pain, sensitivity disorders, impaired pupillary reactions, increasing ataxia. Disease is diagnosed according to the characteristic symptoms, neurological status data, ophthalmological examination and laboratory diagnostics (examination of blood…
Spinal epidural abscess is a limited purulent inflammation of the epidural spinal space. It is manifested by acute back pain, transforming into radicular syndrome, the appearance and progression of paresis, pelvic disorders and sensitive disorders in accordance with the topic of the abscess. During the diagnosis, it is optimal to conduct an MRI of the…
Spinal stroke is an acute violation of spinal circulation with the development of ischemia /hemorrhage. It is manifested by acute motor disorders of the central and peripheral type, a decrease in various types of sensitivity, a disorder of the function of the pelvic organs. The diagnosis is established on the basis of clinical data, the…
Spinal arachnoiditis is an aseptic or infectious inflammation of the arachnoid membrane of the spinal cord. It can be combined with cerebral arachnoiditis. Clinical manifestations vary according to the topic and prevalence of arachnoiditis, often have a picture of sciatica accompanied by a neurological deficit of segmental and conductive nature. The diagnosis of “spinal arachnoiditis”…
Spinal muscular atrophy is a genetic disease manifested by muscular atrophy and caused by degenerative changes in spinal motor neurons and motor nuclei of the brain stem. A common symptom complex is symmetrical flaccid paralysis with muscle atrophy and fasciculations against the background of an intact sensitive sphere. Disease is diagnosed according to family history,…
Spinal epidural hemorrhage is bleeding into the cavity between the inner surface of the walls of the spinal canal and the dural membrane of the spinal cord with the formation of an epidural hematoma. Clinically debuts with intense radicular pain, localized according to the level of hemorrhage, followed by spinal-conduction neurological disorders (paresis, hypesthesia, pelvic…
Spinal meningioma is a neoplasia of the spinal canal, originating in the spinal membranes. It is clinically manifested by progressive radicular syndrome with a transition to the symptoms of half and full damage to the spinal cord diameter at the level of the tumor location. Spinal meningioma is diagnosed according to the neurological status, MRI…
Cervical dystonia is a unilateral focal muscular dystonia of a paroxysmal nature, which is accompanied by stereotypical uncontrolled violent movements: tilting, turning, throwing back the head. Spasms increase against the background of physical and emotional stress, weaken or disappear at rest. Occur in series, repeated many times throughout the day. Both independent remissions and the…