Dentistry is a medical discipline that studies the organs of the oral cavity, their physiological and pathological conditions, as well as deals with the prevention and treatment of diseases of these organs. In the field of dentistry, there are not only diseases of the teeth, but also the entire dental system, as well as the oral mucosa. Along with treatment, modern dentistry pays great attention to the aesthetic side of the issue, striving to create a “perfect smile” for each patient. Dentists attach particular importance to proper oral care as the most effective method of preventing dental diseases.
Based on the methods of treatment, there are specialized areas in dentistry:
In recent years, new directions have been widely developed in dentistry: implantology and aesthetic dentistry.
Dentistry covers a wide range of diseases. She is engaged in treatment:
Oral infections serve as a focus for the spread of pathogens throughout the body. According to the state of the oral cavity, it is possible to judge the state of human health as a whole. According to the Dental Association, 87% of Americans need oral sanitation, which, depending on the indications, includes caries treatment and filling of defects, removal of plaque, stone, roots and teeth, orthodontic and orthopedic treatment.
The most important indicator of the health of the oral cavity and the body as a whole is the condition of the teeth. Their formation occurs during the period of intrauterine development, the eruption of baby teeth – about six months, permanent – in 6-8 years. Permanent teeth that erupted in childhood are given to a person for the rest of his life, so they require special care and attention at all stages of life.
Today dentistry offers painless, safe and highly effective treatment of various diseases of the oral cavity. In the treatment of teeth, modern filling materials are used, as well as tooth-preserving techniques.
They try to resort to tooth extraction as a last resort when it is necessary to eliminate the source of infection in the oral cavity or when it is impossible to save and restore the tooth.
If, nevertheless, the tooth could not be preserved, then high-strength and aesthetic dental prosthetic materials will allow you to accurately recreate the architecture of the tooth and the color of the tooth enamel.
Nowadays, healthy teeth and a beautiful smile are an integral attribute of a person’s well-being and success in society. Aesthetic dentistry is working on creating a perfect “Hollywood” smile. The scope of activity of this area of dentistry includes aesthetic restoration of teeth, their whitening, improvement of shape, size – everything that makes a smile irresistible and flawless.
Today dentistry is one of the most dynamically developing medical sciences: new high-tech techniques and materials appear every year. However, maintaining oral health depends not only on the dentist and modern technologies. In many ways, it is determined by the lifestyle of the patient himself. Restriction of sweets, exclusion of bad habits, high-quality hygiene of teeth and gums, preventive dental examinations will allow you to keep your teeth beautiful and healthy for many years.
The medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal” will give you the opportunity to learn as much as possible about how to resist the threat of tooth loss and what to do if this trouble has already happened.
Hairy leukoplakia is a disease of the oral mucosa caused by the Epstein–Barr virus and developing against the background of immunosuppressive conditions. The pathology is most often diagnosed in patients with HIV, acute leukemia and taking immunosuppressive drugs. The lesion is a whitish or gray plaque that forms folds and plaques with a rough surface.…
Bottle caries is a group carious lesion of milk teeth in young children caused by an incorrect diet and insufficient oral hygiene of the child. Bottle caries affects the cervical areas of the upper incisors and canines and goes through several stages: the stage of demineralization, enamel destruction, destruction of the enamel-dentine junction, deep damage…
Bruxism is periodically occurring episodes of involuntary contraction of the masticatory muscles, accompanied by jaw clenching and gnashing of teeth. In addition to the main symptom – grinding teeth, bruxism can lead to pathological erasability and hyperesthesia of teeth, the formation of wedge-shaped defects, periodontal and TMJ pathology, pain in the masticatory muscles, headache, etc.…
Aphthous stomatitis is an inflammatory process of the oral mucosa, accompanied by a violation of the surface layer of the mucosa and the formation of aphth (erosions). The formation of AFT is accompanied by sharp soreness, burning in the mouth, especially during meals, an increase in lymph nodes, and sometimes an increase in temperature. Aphthae…
Apical periodontitis is an inflammation of the connective tissue complex that forms the dentoalveolar ligament (periodontium), localized around the tip of the root. In the acute form, apical periodontitis manifests itself as pain and swelling in the affected area, a reaction to hot, high body temperature and general malaise. Apical periodontitis is diagnosed during a…
Tongue abnormalities are a group of congenital dental diseases, the cause of which is a violation of the intrauterine bookmark and the development of the organ. Some anomalies represent a purely anatomical defect, while others seriously affect such important functions as sucking, eating, swallowing, and speech. The main diagnostic methods include clinical and instrumental examination…
Tooth ankylosis is a dentoalveolar fusion characterized by the death of the periodontal ligament and the fusion of cement with the alveolus. During examination, the ankylosed tooth is missing or displaced in the marginal direction. There is a dental alveolar elongation of the antagonist, shortening of the dental arch. On radiography, the absence of a periodontal…
Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor of maxillofacial localization that causes destruction of bone tissue. As ameloblastoma develops, facial asymmetry occurs, there is a gradual deformation of the jaw, loosening and displacement of the dentition, violation of the chewing function. Ameloblastoma is diagnosed on the basis of anamnesis, symptoms detected during examination and necessary studies:…
Allergic stomatitis is an inflammatory change in the oral mucosa caused by the development of immunopathological reactions (hypersensitivity, hyperergia). Manifestations of allergic stomatitis are edema, hyperemia, bleeding, ulcers and erosion of the mucous membrane, burning in the mouth, pain when eating, hypersalivation, sometimes deterioration of the general condition. Examination of a patient includes collecting an…
Actinic cheilitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lips that occurs due to pathological sensitivity (sensitization) to the effects of ultraviolet light. It is characterized by a burning sensation, itching, stagnant hyperemia, swelling and peeling of the red border of the lips. Actinic cheilitis is diagnosed on the basis of anamnesis, symptoms detected during…
