Traumatology and orthopedics are closely related branches of medicine. Traumatology studies injuries of the musculoskeletal system (bones, ligaments, joints, muscles and tendons), is engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries. Orthopedics specializes in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of functional disorders and deformities of the musculoskeletal system resulting from disease, injury or congenital malformation.

There is a relationship between traumatology, orthopedics and other medical specialties: sports medicine, prosthetics and medical rehabilitation, including massage, physiotherapy and physical therapy.

The role of traumatology in the modern world is constantly increasing. Every year, car accidents and accidents lead to the deaths of millions of people on Earth. The result of injuries is often long-term disability and deterioration of people’s quality of life.

Most often, damage to the musculoskeletal system occurs during road, household, industrial and sports injuries. The level and severity of the injury depend on the mechanism of injury (features of traumatic effects on the human body).

Traumatology has undergone significant changes in recent decades. Previously, the main methods of fracture treatment were plaster bandages and skeletal traction. Today, various surgical techniques are widely used in traumatology.

The techniques of osteosynthesis (fixation of fractures with intraosseous, skeletal and transosseous structures) are constantly being improved. Carrying out osteosynthesis allows you to shorten the treatment of fractures, avoid dangerous complications as a result of prolonged immobility (bedsores, pneumonia, thrombembolism) and prevent the development of contractures (limitations of joint mobility).

Modern technologies are actively used. The severed fingers are sewn using microsurgical methods. Joint operations are performed using endoscopic equipment. Joint replacement is developing (replacement of a destroyed or damaged joint with a biocompatible prosthesis).

The possibilities of traumatology are constantly expanding. However, recovery from injury is still impossible without the active participation of the patient. During this period, it is very important to follow the doctor’s recommendations, develop joints, do therapeutic exercises, etc. Remember: the more time has passed since the injury, the more difficult it is to restore the lost function of muscles, bones and joints.

Traumatology is a branch of medicine that most people encounter only for a short period of time. In contrast, orthopedics, as a rule, deals with chronic diseases that require long-term treatment.

Along with modern surgical techniques, orthopedics widely uses traditional conservative techniques: massage, manual therapy, physical therapy and physiotherapy.

In the treatment of orthopedic diseases, as well as in the recovery period after injuries, the patient’s attitude, his willingness to follow the doctor’s recommendations and make an active contribution to the process of his own recovery is of great importance.
We hope that the section “Traumatology and orthopedics” of the Medical Directory of Diseases of the website “Medic Journal” will help you to get all the necessary information about injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and methods of their treatment.

Coxarthrosis

Coxarthrosis is arthrosis of the hip joint. It develops gradually, over several years, is prone to progression, can be both unilateral and bilateral. It is accompanied by pain and restriction of movements in the joint. In the later stages, there is atrophy of the thigh muscles and shortening of the limb. The diagnosis is established…

Clinodactyly

Clinodactyly is a congenital anomaly accompanied by a curvature of the fingers or a change in their position relative to the axis of the limb. The lesion is symmetrical, it is more often detected on the hands, the little fingers or the little fingers and ring fingers suffer. The diagnosis is made on the basis…

Kyphoscoliosis

Kyphoscoliosis is a combined deformity of the spine, which is a combination of scoliosis (lateral bending) and kyphosis (stooping, excessive bending in the anteroposterior direction). It can be congenital or acquired, manifested by visible deformity and back pain. Due to a secondary change in the shape of the chest and a violation of the functions…

Kyphosis

Kyphosis is a curvature of the spine in the antero-posterior (sagittal) plane. It can be both physiological (normal) and pathological. Pathological kyphosis develops more often in the thoracic region, often accompanied by back pain. With a significant curvature, compression of the nerve roots and spinal cord with appropriate symptoms (weakness in the legs, sensitivity disorders,…

Neck Cyst

Neck cyst is a hollow pathological formation that is located in the neck area and contains a liquid or mushy mass. It belongs to the number of congenital pathologies, it can be lateral or median. Lateral cysts are detected immediately after birth, median cysts can be detected as the child grows or become a random…

Meniscal Cyst

Meniscal cyst is a fluid–filled cavity in the thickness of the meniscus. It proceeds chronically. The main complaint of patients with meniscal cyst is pain that occurs and increases with movements in the joint. On examination, a swelling is found on the lateral surface of the knee. The final diagnosis is made according to arthroscopy,…

Baker’s Cyst

Baker’s cyst is a bulge in the popliteal fossa, which is formed due to inflammation in the knee joint. Disease manifests clinically only when it has already reached such a size that it begins to squeeze the nerve trunks and vessels located in the popliteal fossa. The disease is accompanied by pain and restriction of…

Pectus Carinatum

Pectus carinatum is a pathology in which the front part of the thorax protrudes, taking the form of a boat keel. It is a congenital anomaly, inherited, manifested as the patient grows. It is manifested by visible deformation of the anterior part of the chest (ribs and sternum). By itself, it does not have a…

Caisson Disease

Caisson disease is a complex of symptoms formed by the formation of gas bubbles in blood vessels and tissues against the background of a rapid decrease in atmospheric pressure. Pathology can be acute or chronic. It is manifested by pain in the joints, muscles, Meniere’s syndrome, dyspepsia, signs of central nervous system damage, acute pulmonary…

Curvature of the Spine

Curvature of the spine is a violation of the correct configuration of the spinal column. It can be congenital or acquired, direct or lateral. It is manifested by the presence of visible deformity, pronounced stoop, in severe cases, a hump is detected. The diagnosis is established on the basis of the results of the examination…