Traumatology and orthopedics are closely related branches of medicine. Traumatology studies injuries of the musculoskeletal system (bones, ligaments, joints, muscles and tendons), is engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries. Orthopedics specializes in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of functional disorders and deformities of the musculoskeletal system resulting from disease, injury or congenital malformation.
There is a relationship between traumatology, orthopedics and other medical specialties: sports medicine, prosthetics and medical rehabilitation, including massage, physiotherapy and physical therapy.
The role of traumatology in the modern world is constantly increasing. Every year, car accidents and accidents lead to the deaths of millions of people on Earth. The result of injuries is often long-term disability and deterioration of people’s quality of life.
Most often, damage to the musculoskeletal system occurs during road, household, industrial and sports injuries. The level and severity of the injury depend on the mechanism of injury (features of traumatic effects on the human body).
Traumatology has undergone significant changes in recent decades. Previously, the main methods of fracture treatment were plaster bandages and skeletal traction. Today, various surgical techniques are widely used in traumatology.
The techniques of osteosynthesis (fixation of fractures with intraosseous, skeletal and transosseous structures) are constantly being improved. Carrying out osteosynthesis allows you to shorten the treatment of fractures, avoid dangerous complications as a result of prolonged immobility (bedsores, pneumonia, thrombembolism) and prevent the development of contractures (limitations of joint mobility).
Modern technologies are actively used. The severed fingers are sewn using microsurgical methods. Joint operations are performed using endoscopic equipment. Joint replacement is developing (replacement of a destroyed or damaged joint with a biocompatible prosthesis).
The possibilities of traumatology are constantly expanding. However, recovery from injury is still impossible without the active participation of the patient. During this period, it is very important to follow the doctor’s recommendations, develop joints, do therapeutic exercises, etc. Remember: the more time has passed since the injury, the more difficult it is to restore the lost function of muscles, bones and joints.
Traumatology is a branch of medicine that most people encounter only for a short period of time. In contrast, orthopedics, as a rule, deals with chronic diseases that require long-term treatment.
Along with modern surgical techniques, orthopedics widely uses traditional conservative techniques: massage, manual therapy, physical therapy and physiotherapy.
In the treatment of orthopedic diseases, as well as in the recovery period after injuries, the patient’s attitude, his willingness to follow the doctor’s recommendations and make an active contribution to the process of his own recovery is of great importance.
We hope that the section “Traumatology and orthopedics” of the Medical Directory of Diseases of the website “Medic Journal” will help you to get all the necessary information about injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and methods of their treatment.
Tietze syndrome is a disease from the group of chondropathies, accompanied by aseptic inflammation of one or more upper rib cartilages in the area of their articulation with the sternum. It is manifested by local soreness at the site of the lesion, which increases with pressure, palpation and deep breathing. As a rule, it occurs…
Proteus syndrome is a rare congenital pathology manifested by abnormal growth of individual parts of the body. Usually, an increase in the area of the head, arm or leg is detected. Partial hypertrophy is combined with an increased likelihood of thrombosis and thromboembolism, the formation of tumors of various structures and localization. The diagnosis is…
Relapsing polychondritis is a rare inflammatory disease affecting cartilage structures and connective tissue of various organs and systems. Presumably has an autoimmune nature. The most common symptom is damage to the auricles, then, in descending order – arthritis, chondritis of the nasal septum, various eye lesions, damage to the respiratory system (trachea, larynx and bronchi), inflammatory…
Poland syndrome is a complex of malformations, including the absence of a small and / or large pectoral muscle, a decrease in the thickness of the layer of subcutaneous fat in the chest area, the absence or deformation of several ribs, the absence of a nipple or breast, shortening of fingers, complete or incomplete fusion…
Flatback syndrome is a pathological condition characterized by a decrease in the severity of one or more physiological bends of the spine. When smoothing the thoracic bend, compression of the heart occurs, accompanied by pain, a decrease in load tolerance. With a decrease in the lumbar bend, the ability to maintain the vertical position of…
Caudal regression syndrome is a congenital pathology resulting from dysembriogenesis of the lower parts of the spinal column and spinal cord. It is clinically manifested by a decrease in the height of the lumbar spine and sacrum, hip dislocations, muscle weakness and hypotrophy of the legs, pelvic dysfunction. It is diagnosed according to the examination,…
Crush syndrome is a shock–like condition that occurs after prolonged compression of the trunk, limbs or their segments with heavy objects. It is manifested by pain, deterioration, swelling of the affected parts of the body, acute renal failure. Without medical care, patients die from acute respiratory failure, increasing intoxication, pulmonary or cardiovascular insufficiency. Treatment includes…
Joint hypermobility syndrome is a disease in which excessive mobility is observed, combined with pathological symptoms from the musculoskeletal system. Usually patients are concerned about joint and muscle pain. Synovitis, bursitis, enthesopathy, repeated subluxations, early arthrosis, and other manifestations are possible. The diagnosis is made on the basis of anamnesis, clinical examination data. To exclude…
Fistula is a pathological channel that connects hollow organs, natural or pathological cavities of the body with each other (internal fistula) or with the environment (external fistula). It is manifested by the presence of a fistula, through which mucus, pus, the contents of an organ or cavity are released: feces, urine, saliva, liquor, bile. It…
Ewing sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm that develops from bone tissue. It occurs more often in adolescence or adolescence. Affects flat and long tubular bones. It is one of the most aggressive tumors, prone to early metastasis. It is manifested by pain, then by edema, local hyperemia and hyperthermia, as well as local expansion of…
