Traumatology and orthopedics are closely related branches of medicine. Traumatology studies injuries of the musculoskeletal system (bones, ligaments, joints, muscles and tendons), is engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries. Orthopedics specializes in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of functional disorders and deformities of the musculoskeletal system resulting from disease, injury or congenital malformation.
There is a relationship between traumatology, orthopedics and other medical specialties: sports medicine, prosthetics and medical rehabilitation, including massage, physiotherapy and physical therapy.
The role of traumatology in the modern world is constantly increasing. Every year, car accidents and accidents lead to the deaths of millions of people on Earth. The result of injuries is often long-term disability and deterioration of people’s quality of life.
Most often, damage to the musculoskeletal system occurs during road, household, industrial and sports injuries. The level and severity of the injury depend on the mechanism of injury (features of traumatic effects on the human body).
Traumatology has undergone significant changes in recent decades. Previously, the main methods of fracture treatment were plaster bandages and skeletal traction. Today, various surgical techniques are widely used in traumatology.
The techniques of osteosynthesis (fixation of fractures with intraosseous, skeletal and transosseous structures) are constantly being improved. Carrying out osteosynthesis allows you to shorten the treatment of fractures, avoid dangerous complications as a result of prolonged immobility (bedsores, pneumonia, thrombembolism) and prevent the development of contractures (limitations of joint mobility).
Modern technologies are actively used. The severed fingers are sewn using microsurgical methods. Joint operations are performed using endoscopic equipment. Joint replacement is developing (replacement of a destroyed or damaged joint with a biocompatible prosthesis).
The possibilities of traumatology are constantly expanding. However, recovery from injury is still impossible without the active participation of the patient. During this period, it is very important to follow the doctor’s recommendations, develop joints, do therapeutic exercises, etc. Remember: the more time has passed since the injury, the more difficult it is to restore the lost function of muscles, bones and joints.
Traumatology is a branch of medicine that most people encounter only for a short period of time. In contrast, orthopedics, as a rule, deals with chronic diseases that require long-term treatment.
Along with modern surgical techniques, orthopedics widely uses traditional conservative techniques: massage, manual therapy, physical therapy and physiotherapy.
In the treatment of orthopedic diseases, as well as in the recovery period after injuries, the patient’s attitude, his willingness to follow the doctor’s recommendations and make an active contribution to the process of his own recovery is of great importance.
We hope that the section “Traumatology and orthopedics” of the Medical Directory of Diseases of the website “Medic Journal” will help you to get all the necessary information about injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and methods of their treatment.
Hypothermia is a decrease in the internal temperature of the body to 35 ° C and below as a result of the predominance of heat transfer over heat production. At the initial stage, there is trembling, increased breathing and palpitations, spasm of peripheral vessels, disorientation, drowsiness, apathy. Subsequently, the suppression of the activity of all…
Femoral neck fracture is a violation of the integrity of the upper part of the femur in the area just below the hip joint, between the femoral head and the large trochanter. It is a fairly common injury, occurs more often in everyday life and is detected in elderly people suffering from osteoporosis. It is…
Skull fracture is a violation of the integrity of the bones of the skull. More often, it is caused by a severe direct injury. Pathology is accompanied by local pain at the site of injury. The remaining symptoms depend on the severity of the injury, damage to brain structures and the development of complications. Diagnosis…
Broken arm is a violation of the integrity of one or more bones of the upper limb as a result of injury. Possible damage to the humerus, ulna and radius (isolated or simultaneous), wrist bones, metacarpal bones and hand bones. Clinical manifestations may vary significantly. Common signs are sharp pain, swelling, bruising and restricted movement. In…
Rib fracture is a violation of the integrity of one or more ribs as a result of traumatic exposure. They are accompanied by intense chest pain, lead to limited mobility of the chest, for this reason, breathing becomes more shallow, which can cause a violation of pulmonary ventilation. Multiple rib fractures can be combined with…
Calcaneal fracture are a violation of the integrity of the calcaneus due to traumatic effects. Symptoms include pain and swelling of the heel area, expansion and flattening of the heel, inability to operate on the heel while maintaining the volume of movements of the ankle joint. Diagnosis is made by a traumatologist on the basis…
Patellar fracture are a violation of the integrity of the patella as a result of traumatic exposure. The pathology is accompanied by swelling of the knee and pain, which increases when bending the leg in the knee joint, restriction of extension of the lower leg. With injuries with displacement, walking becomes impossible. Diagnosis includes X-ray…
Scapula fracture is a violation of the integrity of the scapula as a result of traumatic exposure. It occurs quite rarely and is usually combined with rib fractures. It is manifested by pain in the scapular area, swelling and restriction of movements of the upper limb. In some cases, subcutaneous hemorrhage or brachial hemarthrosis is…
Ulna fracture is a violation of the integrity of the ulna as a result of traumatic exposure. It can be combined with dislocation of the radius or be isolated. Pathology is manifested by sharp pain, swelling, impaired movement. With fractures, there is shortening and deformation of the forearm, as well as pronounced restriction of movements in…
Coccyx fracture is a violation of the integrity of the coccyx bones as a result of traumatic exposure. It is manifested by local soreness. Patients cannot sit because of pain, pain is less common when walking. The diagnosis is made on the basis of a characteristic anamnesis, clinical picture and X-ray examination data. If necessary,…
