Dermatology (Greek derma – skin, logos – doctrine, literally “the doctrine of the skin”) is a medical discipline, the objects of study of which are the skin, its appendages (hair, nails, sebaceous and sweat glands), mucous membranes, their structure and functioning, as well as diseases and diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Within dermatology as a medical science, there are special clinical sections that study individual diseases and their treatment (mycology, trichology). Dermatology is closely connected with venereology, cosmetology, allergology and other medical disciplines.

The skin is part of the integral structure of the body and is the largest human organ visible to the eye. It, as an indicator, reflects the state of all organs and systems of the body, protects them from mechanical damage and infection. As a rule, skin diseases indicate any violation of the functions of internal organs, unhealthy habits and lifestyle of the patient. Skin diseases, in turn, can lead to serious consequences for the body as a whole if their treatment is not started in a timely manner.

The features of the structure of the skin, the diversity of its functions and the impact of a large number of internal and external factors cause a variety of skin diseases, or dermatoses.

The impact of external, or exogenous, factors is very diverse. Physical and chemical agents cause inflammatory changes – dermatitis (burns, scuffs, diaper rash, etc.). Biological factors lead to fungal skin lesions – mycoses (epidermophytia, microsporia), pustular diseases – pyoderma (impetigo, furunculosis, hydradenitis), parasitic invasions (pediculosis, scabies), viral skin lesions (herpes, warts).

An important role in the occurrence of skin diseases is played by internal, or endogenous, factors: these are diseases of internal organs, chronic foci of infection, metabolic disorders, hypovitaminosis, disorders of the functions of the nervous system. All these factors can cause various pathological processes in the skin and its appendages, mucous membranes: inflammation, hemorrhages, pigmentation changes and even the death of individual skin structures (hair follicles, connective tissue fibers, etc.).

When the first signs of skin diseases appear (such as itching, burning, soreness, discoloration and relief of the skin, skin rashes), you should consult a dermatologist. An experienced doctor can make the correct diagnosis already at the first careful examination of the skin and careful collection of the patient’s life history. To clarify or confirm the diagnosis in dermatology, additional methods of examination of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, nails are widely used: instrumental, laboratory, radiological, special skin tests, etc.

Treatment of skin diseases requires patient patience and strict adherence to the treatment algorithm. An important role in the successful treatment is played by hygienic care of the affected skin, compliance with diet and drug therapy regimen. Medical treatment can be general and local. Physiotherapy and hardware procedures, psychotherapy, spa treatment, phytotherapy, homeopathy are widely used in dermatological practice. In some cases, in the absence of a clinical effect from conservative treatment, surgical intervention or the involvement of narrow specialists is indicated. Most often, the treatment is complex and combines several different methods at once. Today, with the help of the latest therapeutic and diagnostic techniques, dermatology allows to achieve the cure of such diseases that were considered incurable until quite recently.

Skin diseases are among the most common human diseases, and almost everyone faces one or another of their manifestations in their lifetime. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 20% of the world’s population suffers from skin diseases.

Many dermatoses have a chronic recurrent course and are difficult to treat. The most common are dermatitis of various genesis, eczema, fungal diseases, acne, skin warts, herpes simplex, psoriasis, skin cancer.

Modern dermatology pays great attention to the restoration of skin health, the study of the mechanisms of age-related and pathological changes in the skin, nails and hair, the treatment of oncological diseases, the search for new methods of diagnosis and treatment.

With the website “Medic Journal” you will always be aware of the most up-to-date information about skin diseases and methods of their treatment.

Foot Fungus

Foot fungus is a widespread fungal lesion of the skin and nails of the feet. Depending on the clinical form, it may manifest as red plaques, spots and flat papules with whitish peeling on the surface, bubbles, cracks, erosions, the appearance of yellow stripes and spots on the nail plate, its thickening or rejection. Diagnostics…

Nail Fungus

Nail fungus is a common fungal lesion of toenails, manifested by the appearance of yellow stripes or spots, and then diffuse yellowness of the entire nail plate, its thickening, deformation and increased fragility. Diagnostic measures include examination of the affected nail plate and microscopy of the scraping taken from its surface. Dermatologists, podologists and mycologists are…

Neonatal Pemphigus

Neonatal pemphigus is a highly contagious staphylococcal lesion of the skin of newborns, manifested by the appearance of small bubbles with purulent contents, which increase and burst with the formation of erosions. It may be accompanied by damage to the mucous membranes. The age of the sick, the typical clinic and the results of bacteriological studies…

Acrodermatitis Enteropathica

Acrodermatitis enteropathica is an autosomal recessive genetic disease, the main link in the pathogenesis of which is a violation of zinc absorption in the small intestine. This pathology is characterized by manifestations associated with zinc deficiency – damage to the gastrointestinal tract, the formation of rashes, pustules and vesicles on the skin, alopecia, decreased immunity,…

Cutaneous Endometriosis

Cutaneous endometriosis is a benign proliferation of dermal tissues morphologically similar to the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium). Clinically manifested by the formation of solitary or multiple dense lobular nodes of a purple hue, mainly located in the genital area, navel and postoperative scars of the anterior abdominal wall. A feature of these formations is…

Exfoliative Dermatitis

Exfoliative dermatitis is a severe infectious lesion of the skin of newborns, which is a malignant variant of pemphigus. It is characterized by redness of the skin with the formation of sluggish blisters that transform into erosion. Starting in the mouth area, the process spreads to the entire skin and is accompanied by a pronounced…

Exudative Psoriasis

Exudative psoriasis is a severe type of psoriasis characterized by the severity of the exudative component against the background of immune disorders and endocrine pathology. Clinically manifested by the formation of foci of inflammation from plaques impregnated with exudate, with dense crusts on the surface in the absence of primary erythema. When the plaques are…

Eccrine Poroma

Eccrine poroma is one of the rare, mostly benign types of dermal tumors localized in the excretory duct of the eccrine sweat gland. It is usually located in the epidermal part of the duct. It is characterized by the presence of a slightly painful tumor-like elastic formation with a smooth glossy surface or papillomatosis of…

Eczema on Nipple

Eczema on nipple is an allergic dermatosis, manifested by an erythematous vesicular rash in the area of the nipples and adjacent alveoli. Rashes are accompanied by itching, painful sensations, dryness and peeling of the skin. When making a diagnosis, examination data, tests to determine the level of immunoglobulins and histamine, the results of microbiological examination of…

Eczema of the Nose

Eczema of the nose is a dermatological disease accompanied by an inflammatory reaction of the skin of the vestibule of the nose. Typical symptoms: hyperemia, swelling, burning, itching, vesicular-pustular rash, which is replaced by wet manifestations and purulent crusts, lichenification, excoriation, peeling and pigment spots. Diagnosis is based on anamnesis data, patient complaints, results of…