Dermatology (Greek derma – skin, logos – doctrine, literally “the doctrine of the skin”) is a medical discipline, the objects of study of which are the skin, its appendages (hair, nails, sebaceous and sweat glands), mucous membranes, their structure and functioning, as well as diseases and diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Within dermatology as a medical science, there are special clinical sections that study individual diseases and their treatment (mycology, trichology). Dermatology is closely connected with venereology, cosmetology, allergology and other medical disciplines.

The skin is part of the integral structure of the body and is the largest human organ visible to the eye. It, as an indicator, reflects the state of all organs and systems of the body, protects them from mechanical damage and infection. As a rule, skin diseases indicate any violation of the functions of internal organs, unhealthy habits and lifestyle of the patient. Skin diseases, in turn, can lead to serious consequences for the body as a whole if their treatment is not started in a timely manner.

The features of the structure of the skin, the diversity of its functions and the impact of a large number of internal and external factors cause a variety of skin diseases, or dermatoses.

The impact of external, or exogenous, factors is very diverse. Physical and chemical agents cause inflammatory changes – dermatitis (burns, scuffs, diaper rash, etc.). Biological factors lead to fungal skin lesions – mycoses (epidermophytia, microsporia), pustular diseases – pyoderma (impetigo, furunculosis, hydradenitis), parasitic invasions (pediculosis, scabies), viral skin lesions (herpes, warts).

An important role in the occurrence of skin diseases is played by internal, or endogenous, factors: these are diseases of internal organs, chronic foci of infection, metabolic disorders, hypovitaminosis, disorders of the functions of the nervous system. All these factors can cause various pathological processes in the skin and its appendages, mucous membranes: inflammation, hemorrhages, pigmentation changes and even the death of individual skin structures (hair follicles, connective tissue fibers, etc.).

When the first signs of skin diseases appear (such as itching, burning, soreness, discoloration and relief of the skin, skin rashes), you should consult a dermatologist. An experienced doctor can make the correct diagnosis already at the first careful examination of the skin and careful collection of the patient’s life history. To clarify or confirm the diagnosis in dermatology, additional methods of examination of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, nails are widely used: instrumental, laboratory, radiological, special skin tests, etc.

Treatment of skin diseases requires patient patience and strict adherence to the treatment algorithm. An important role in the successful treatment is played by hygienic care of the affected skin, compliance with diet and drug therapy regimen. Medical treatment can be general and local. Physiotherapy and hardware procedures, psychotherapy, spa treatment, phytotherapy, homeopathy are widely used in dermatological practice. In some cases, in the absence of a clinical effect from conservative treatment, surgical intervention or the involvement of narrow specialists is indicated. Most often, the treatment is complex and combines several different methods at once. Today, with the help of the latest therapeutic and diagnostic techniques, dermatology allows to achieve the cure of such diseases that were considered incurable until quite recently.

Skin diseases are among the most common human diseases, and almost everyone faces one or another of their manifestations in their lifetime. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 20% of the world’s population suffers from skin diseases.

Many dermatoses have a chronic recurrent course and are difficult to treat. The most common are dermatitis of various genesis, eczema, fungal diseases, acne, skin warts, herpes simplex, psoriasis, skin cancer.

Modern dermatology pays great attention to the restoration of skin health, the study of the mechanisms of age-related and pathological changes in the skin, nails and hair, the treatment of oncological diseases, the search for new methods of diagnosis and treatment.

With the website “Medic Journal” you will always be aware of the most up-to-date information about skin diseases and methods of their treatment.

Pinguecula

Pinguecula is a small yellow formation localized in the nasal half of the conjunctiva. Depending on the diameter, it may occur latently or provoke discomfort, a feeling of dryness and a foreign body, hyperemia of the eyes. Diagnostics of the pinguecula includes external examination, fluorescence angiography, biomicroscopy, fern test, OCT. Conservative treatment is reduced to…

Acrogeria

Acrogeria is an extremely rare hereditary disease that belongs to the group of atrophic dermatoses. The symptoms of the disease are thinning and atrophy of the skin on the distal parts of the limbs, in some cases the forearm and face may be affected. Diagnosis is made on the basis of a study of the…

Acne

Acne is a chronic skin lesion accompanied by polymorphic inflammatory and non-inflammatory rashes. The main elements in acne are pustular and papular acne, comedones, nodular formations and cystic cavities. They are located on the face, chest, back, shoulders. The disease is diagnosed according to a clinical examination, sowing from the foci of inflammation. Treatment is…

Aquagenic Urticaria

Aquagenic urticaria is an immunopathological skin reaction induced by contact with water of any temperature. Accompanied by the appearance of blisters surrounded by an erythematous corolla, skin itching, sometimes bronchospasm or shortness of breath. The diagnosis is confirmed by a positive test during a water sample, the results of laboratory tests (determination of the level…

Sebaceous Adenoma

Sebaceous adenoma is a benign skin neoplasm that develops from the epithelium of the sebaceous ducts. Clinically characterized by the presence of a yellow or pink nodule of various diameters with slow growth and the most frequent localization on the face or neck. With different types of adenomas, there are their own peculiarities in the clinical…

Skin Abscess

Skin abscess is a local purulent inflammation of the skin, characterized by the formation of a cavity limited by the so-called pyogenic membrane. Symptoms of an abscess are redness, swelling, and sometimes soreness, in place of which a pus accumulation then forms. All this may be accompanied by general symptoms of intoxication (fever, weakness, headaches).…