Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Vaginal sarcoma is a malignant tumor that develops from the connective tissue structures of the vaginal tube. The course of this disease is characterized by rapid growth, decay and metastasis; clinically manifested by serous-bloody discharge, dysuric disorders, pain. Diagnosis is based on the data of gynecological examination, colposcopy, biopsy. Treatment includes a surgical stage followed…
Miscarriage is the spontaneous termination of pregnancy up to 28 weeks of gestation, which does not allow the fetus to reach a mature viable state. Miscarriage is manifested by aching or cramping abdominal pain, bloody discharge, expulsion of the fetal egg from the uterus. Diagnosis is based on the data of gynecological examination and ultrasound.…
Salpingitis is an infectious inflammation of the fallopian (fallopian) tubes. Acute salpingitis occurs with severe abdominal pain, febrility, chills, intoxication. In the subacute and chronic form of salpingitis, the clinic is erased, but dyspaurenia and infertility are often noted. Diagnosis of salpingitis includes bimanual examination, bacterioscopic and bacteriological examination of smears, echography. Treatment is carried…
Hydrosalpinx is a sac formation resulting from the accumulation of fluid in the lumen of the fallopian tube. In acute course it is characterized by fever and pain in the groin area, in chronic — infertility and a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen. In some cases, with a sluggish process, moderate pelvic pain…
Uterine scarring is a histologically altered section of the uterine wall formed after its damage during surgical and diagnostic interventions or injuries. In non-pregnant women, it is not clinically manifested. During gestation and childbirth, it may be complicated by a rupture with the corresponding symptoms. To assess the condition of scar tissue, hysterography, hysteroscopy, ultrasound…
Myomatous node expulsionis a complication of submucous leiomyoma, in which a mobile tumor is expelled from the uterine cavity through the cervical canal into the vagina. It is manifested by acute cramping pain in the lower abdomen, swelling and heaviness in the vagina, intense bleeding, increasing weakness, dizziness, pallor of the skin, cold sweat, pressure…
Birth trauma is a collective concept that includes various injuries to the tissues and organs of a woman in labor or a newborn caused by the action of birth forces. Among the birth injuries of the mother there are hematomas, ruptures of the vulva, perineum and vagina, damage to the uterus, the formation of genitourinary…
Retrocervical endometriosis is an extraperitoneal form of external genital endometriosis with localization of the pathological process in the tissue between the posterior surface of the cervix and the rectum. It is manifested by pelvic pain, dyspareunia, contact bleeding from the vagina, bloody-mucous discharge from the rectum during menstruation. It is diagnosed by gynecological examination, transvaginal…
Retrochorial hematoma is a pathological condition of early gestation characterized by accumulation of blood between the outer shell of the blastocyst and the endometrium, detachment of the chorionic plate from the decidual shell. It is manifested by bloody discharge from the vagina, cramping pain in the lower abdomen, sometimes it is asymptomatic and is detected…
Retroverted uterus is a violation of the position in which the body of the organ deviates posteriorly, and the cervix anteriorly, over time an angle is formed that is open backwards (retroflexia). In most cases, the condition is asymptomatic, depending on the cause, pelvic pain, pathological white spots, dysmenorrhea may bother. The diagnosis is made…
