Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Uterine body cancer is a malignant lesion of the endometrium lining the uterine cavity. Cancer of the uterine body is manifested by bloody discharge, watery whites from the genital tract, pain, acyclic or atypical uterine bleeding. Clinical recognition is carried out on the basis of gynecological examination data, cytological analysis of aspirates, ultrasound, hysteroscopy with…
Breast cancer during pregnancy is a malignant neoplasia of the breast, detected during gestation, lactation or within 12 months after delivery. It is manifested by nodular or diffuse compaction of the mammary glands, their heaviness and soreness, discomfort, pain in the areola area, discharge from the nipple, local skin changes, an increase in axillary lymph…
Merkel cell carcinoma of the vulva is a rare aggressive malignant tumor affecting the external female genitals. It is manifested by a rapidly increasing painless node of reddish coloration in the thickness or on the surface of the skin of the labia. The diagnosis is established on the basis of a patient’s survey, visual examination…
Fallopian tube cancer is a malignant tumor lesion of the fallopian tube of a primary, secondary or metastatic nature. With cancer of the fallopian tube, abdominal pain, the release of serous or purulent whites, an increase in the volume of the abdomen due to ascites, a violation of the general condition are noted. Diagnosis is…
Vulvar cancer is a malignant tumor lesion of the external genital area (labia, clitoris, vaginal vestibule, posterior adhesions, urethra, etc.). Manifestations can be itching, irritation, discomfort in the genital area, pain, ulceration, exophytic formations, bloody or purulent and discharge. Diagnosis includes gynecological examination, vulvoscopy, cytological examination of smears and histological analysis of biopsy material. Surgical,…
Vaginal cancer is a primary or metastatic malignant lesion of the mucous membrane and walls of the vaginal tube. There is no early clinic for vaginal cancer; the appearance of abnormal spotting and pain occurs in the late stages of tumor growth. Gynecological examination, colposcopy, cyto-morphological examination of smears and biopsy material are used in…
Bartholin gland cancer is a rare malignant neoplasia affecting the tissues of the large gland of the vestibule of the vagina. The main sign of the disease is a growing sedentary formation of elastic consistency in the lower third of the labia majora. The growth of the tumor may be accompanied by pain, an increase…
Vaginal tear are traumatic injuries to the walls of the vagina that occur during childbirth or during sexual intercourse. The main manifestations include acute pain, bleeding from the genitals, an increase in the size of the labia, a feeling of heaviness and swelling in the pelvic area. The combinations and severity of clinical signs depend on…
Cervical rupture is a traumatic violation of the integrity of the walls of the organ during childbirth or invasive interventions. It is manifested by bleeding of varying intensity with the release of bright scarlet blood in the late and early consecutive periods. The main importance for diagnosis is the revision of the walls of the…
Perineal tear is a pathological condition characterized by damage to the posterior adhesions, pelvic floor muscles, vaginal walls and rectum, as well as the anal sphincter during childbirth. Clinically, the threat of rupture of the perineum is manifested by protrusion between the anus and the vagina, swelling, cyanosis, which turns into pallor, pathological sheen of…
