Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.

The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.

Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.

It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.

The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.

Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.

Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.

The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.

Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.

Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.

Endocervicitis

Endocervicitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the cervical canal caused by conditionally pathogenic microflora or STI pathogens. The main clinical manifestation of the disease is abundant vaginal discharge, which can be combined with pain in the lower abdomen and back, occurring at rest or during sex. For diagnosis, examination in mirrors, cervical…

Endometritis

Endometritis is an inflammatory process in the inner mucous layer of the uterus – the endometrium. It can occur acutely or chronically, which leaves an imprint on the symptoms. Accompanied by pain, discharge, menstrual irregularities. Of paramount importance for the diagnosis of acute form are the data of gynecological examination and the results of vaginal…

Chocolate Cyst

Chocolate cyst is a pathological cavity formation on the surface of the ovary, consisting of accumulated menstrual blood surrounded by a shell of endometrial cells. Disease in some cases may not manifest for a long time, in others it may be accompanied by abnormal menstruation, infertility, pain, up to the clinic of “acute abdomen”. Diagnosis…

Cervical Endometriosis

Cervical endometriosis (CE) is a form of external genital endometriosis in which endometrioid foci affect the mucous membrane of the vaginal part of the cervix and the cervical canal. Usually the disease is asymptomatic or manifests itself with spotting spotting after intimacy, before and after menstruation. It is extremely rare for patients to experience pain…

Ovarian Endometriosis

Ovarian endometriosis is a form of external genital endometriosis in which ovarian tissue is affected. It is manifested by chronic pelvic pain, copious painful menstruation, dyspareunia, dysuria, dyschesia and infertility. For diagnosis, bimanual palpation, transvaginal ultrasound, CT and MRI of pelvic organs, diagnostic laparoscopy, blood testing for the cancer marker CA-125 are used. In the…

Rectal Endometriosis

Rectal endometriosis is a benign overgrowth of the endometrium in the distal part of the large intestine. Usually develops a second time after the spread of endometriosis to the ovaries and peritoneum. It is manifested by constant pain in the lower abdomen, false urges, stool disorders, impurities of mucus and blood in the feces. Symptoms…

Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a hormone-dependent pathological overgrowth of the glandular tissue of the uterus (endometrium) outside of it: in the ovaries, in the fallopian tubes, in the thickness of the uterus, in the bladder, on the peritoneum, in the rectum and other organs. Clinical manifestations depend on the localization of the process. Common symptoms are pelvic…

Cervical Elongation

Cervical elongation is a pathological enlargement of a part of an organ in which its length exceeds 3.5 cm. If there are no signs of omission, the disease is asymptomatic. Clinically, it can manifest itself with complaints about the sensation of a foreign body in the vagina and genital slit, discomfort during sex, incontinence with…

Cervical Ectopia

Cervical ectopia is an atypical arrangement of a cylindrical (cubic) epithelium lining the cervical canal from the inside, on the vaginal portion of the cervix, normally covered with a flat epithelium. Uncomplicated ectopia of the cervix does not give a clinic; with complicated, there are white spots, contact spotting, itching in the genital area, dyspareunia.…

Eclampsia

Eclampsia is the most severe, critical form of gestosis, occurring with convulsive syndrome, loss of consciousness, development of post-eclampsia coma. The danger lies in the high probability of severe complications in a pregnant woman: cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, premature placental abruption, renal and hepatic insufficiency, as well as fetal death. The diagnosis is based on…