Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Missed abortion is an intrauterine death of an embryo or fetus, which is accompanied by myometrial areactivity and fetal egg retention in the uterine cavity. Initially, there are no signs of the threat of spontaneous miscarriage, but later spotting appears, the size of the uterus lags behind the gestation period. For diagnosis, ultrasound is performed,…
Blocked fallopian tubes is the closure of the lumen or dysfunction of the fallopian tubes, which makes it impossible to move eggs and spermatozoa through them, the absence of a favorable environment for fertilization and preimplantation development of the embryo. Blocked fallopian tubes tubes can be manifested by infertility, pelvic pain syndrome, algomenorrhea, whites or…
Incomplete abortion is the delay of the fetus or its membranes in the uterine cavity during spontaneous or induced termination of pregnancy for up to 22 weeks. It is manifested by pulling or intense cramping pain in the lower abdomen, bloody vaginal discharge, in which fragments of the fetal egg may be present. To make…
Necrosis of the myomatous node is a complication of uterine fibroids associated with impaired vascularization and nutrition of the tumor and leading to irreversible changes in the tissues of the nodular formation. Disease is accompanied by the development of a picture of an acute abdomen with pain, nausea and vomiting, hyperthermia, tension of the anterior…
Urinary incontinence in women is a violation of urination, accompanied by the impossibility of arbitrary regulation of emptying the bladder. Depending on the form, it is manifested by uncontrolled leakage of urine under stress or at rest, sudden and uncontrollable urge to urinate, unconscious urinary incontinence. As part of the diagnosis of urinary incontinence in…
Menopause incontinence is a pathological condition associated with menopause, a complication of the urinary tract. It is manifested by true incontinence – the discharge of portions of urine without the urge to urinate – and incontinence – the inability to restrain the emptying of the bladder with a strong urge. The diagnosis is established on…
Hereditary ovarian cancer is a malignant epithelial tumor of the ovaries, the genetic predisposition to which is transmitted to descendants. Ovarian carcinoma is accompanied by nonspecific signs – decreased appetite, weakness, gastrointestinal discomfort, vague pain in the abdomen and lower back, in the later stages – ascites. The diagnosis is established according to gynecological examination,…
Uteroplacental blood flow disorders is a symptom complex that develops during pregnancy due to a disorder of the functions of the placenta or morphological changes occurring in its structure. There may be no clinic on the mother’s side. Against the background of obstetric pathology, fetal hypoxia occurs, manifested by increased or slower heart rate, decreased…
Nabothian cyst are benign formations that form when the lumen of the cervix glands is blocked and mucous secretions accumulate in them. Pathology may be preceded by pseudo-erosion. Clinical manifestations are usually absent. The contents of cysts sometimes become a breeding ground for microorganisms, which leads to the addition of inflammation, accompanied by symptoms of cervicitis.…
Ureterovaginal fistula is a pathological communication of the lumen of the ureter and the vaginal cavity, disrupting the natural passage of urine. It is manifested by involuntary urination through the vagina with preserved or disturbed natural urination. It is possible to develop pain syndrome in the lumbar region and hyperthermia. It is diagnosed by gynecological…
