Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Yeast infection during pregnancy is an inflammatory lesion of the vaginal mucosa by yeast—like fungi that has arisen or worsened during gestation. It is manifested by curdled vaginal discharge, itching, burning, irritation, vesicular rash in the area of the external genitals, perineum, interstitial and inguinal folds, swelling of the genitals, dyspareunia. It is diagnosed by…
Vaginal thrush is a fungal lesion of the vaginal mucosa. The manifestations are itching and burning in the vulva, abundant curd discharge, pain during urination and sexual intercourse. It is possible to spread a fungal infection in the body and transition to a generalized form, disruption of the normal course of pregnancy and childbirth, infection…
Multiple uterine fibroids – the presence of two or more myomatous nodes of different sizes, growth type and localization. Clinical manifestations and their severity depend on the size and location of fibroids. There may be abundant and prolonged menstruation; feelings of heaviness, pressure and pain in the lower abdomen, problems with conception and pregnancy. Gynecological…
Multiple pregnancy is the bearing of two or more fetuses by a pregnant woman. It differs from a singleton by a faster increase in the volume of the abdomen (starting from the 2nd trimester of gestation), accelerated weight gain, high standing of the uterine fundus, intense stirring in different parts of the uterus, probing of…
Polyhydramnios is a condition characterized by an increase in the amount of amniotic fluid in the amnion. Pathology manifests itself at different stages of embryogenesis, accompanied by deterioration of general well-being, fluctuation, swelling and severe toxicosis. It is possible to diagnose polyhydramnios during pregnancy on the basis of objective examination and ultrasound data. Treatment of…
Cervical fibroids are a benign monoclonal tumor of smooth muscle cells of the myometrium. At the initial stage, the symptoms are not pronounced, with an increase in the size of the node, dyspareunia appears, pain in the lower abdomen. Cervical fibroids, depending on the localization, can squeeze the bladder, urethra and rectum, disrupt their functions.…
Fibroids during pregnancy is a benign volumetric formation of the myometrium that occurred before the onset of gestation and can complicate its course. Most patients have no clinical symptoms. With large neoplasms, the disease can manifest itself as heaviness in the lower abdomen, constipation, increased defecation and urination, swelling of the legs and genitals. It…
Uterine fibroids are hormone–dependent, benign, tumor-like formation of the uterus, originating from its smooth muscle and connective (fibromyoma) tissue. Disease can be single, but more often – in the form of multiple myomatous nodes with different localization. Uterine fibroids can range in size from a small nodule to a tumor weighing about a kilogram, when…
Mycoplasma in women is a urogenital infection caused by Mycoplasma genitalium/hominis and occurring in women in the form of urethritis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, salpingitis, adnexitis. It may have a latent course or be accompanied by itching of the genitals, burning when urinating, transparent non-abundant whites, pain in the lower abdomen and lower back, intermenstrual bleeding,…
Metroendometritis is an inflammation of the muscular and mucous membrane of the uterine wall, combining signs of myometritis and endometritis. The clinic of acute metroendometritis is determined by hyperthermia, intoxication, pain in the lower abdomen, purulent whiteness. Chronic metroendometritis is accompanied by serous discharge from the genital tract, menstrual dysfunction and intermenstrual bleeding. Pathology is…
