Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Metrothrombophlebitis is thrombosis and inflammation of the venous vessels of the uterus, which are a complication of postpartum or postoperative endometritis. Metrothrombophlebitis is characterized by fever, copious and prolonged bloody discharge from the genital tract, aching abdominal pain, tachycardia, weakness. Diagnosis includes gynecological examination on a chair, hemostasis examination, ultrasound. Treatment of metrothrombophlebitis is carried…
Metritis is an inflammatory process in the muscular layer of the uterus (myometrium), occurring in an acute or chronic form. The course of metritis is accompanied by discharge from the genital tract (mucous, purulent, bloody), pain in the lower abdomen, uterine bleeding and menstrual irregularities, general infectious symptoms. When diagnosing the etiology and form of…
Krukenberg tumor is a metastatic lesion of the ovary, the source of which is a primary cancer focus in other organs (more often – the digestive system). The neoplasm is characterized by rapid progression, may be accompanied by an increase in the abdomen and epigastric discomfort, pelvic pain, menstrual function disorders. Diagnostic methods include gynecological…
Menorrhagia (heavy menstrual bleeding) – blood loss during menstruation, exceeding the physiological norm (~ 150 ml). It can serve as a manifestation of inflammatory processes of the female genital sphere, uterine fibroids, ovarian dysfunction, neuropsychiatric fatigue. Entails the development of anemia, disability and quality of life of a woman. Other complications depend on the cause…
Vulvar melanoma is a malignant tumor originating from melanocytes and located in the area of the labia majora, clitoris or labia minora. It is manifested by itching, burning sensation, pain, unpleasant odor, enlargement of inguinal lymph nodes, dysuric disorders or discomfort when urinating. A voluminous formation is palpated in the lesion area. When the tumor…
Interstitial uterine fibroid is a type of fibroid tumor with intraligmental localization between the leaves of the broad ligament that hold the uterus in the abdominal cavity. The interstitial fibroma of the uterus is clinically manifested by abundant meno- and metrorrhagia, anemia, pain syndrome, violation of the passage of urine with subsequent kidney damage. The…
Ovulatory pain is a type of chronic pelvic pain, in which painful sensations in the pelvic area are observed during ovulation and are associated with it. It is manifested by pain of varying intensity that occurs in the lower abdomen in the middle of the ovulatory cycle, accompanied by psychovegetative disorders. To make a diagnosis,…
Postmenopausal bleeding is bloody discharge from the genital tract of varying intensity, occurring against the background of the extinction of menstrual function or after its termination. Menopausal bleeding varies in duration, frequency, volume of blood loss, the nature of discharge (with or without clots). They may have a dysfunctional and organic genesis. In order to…
Uterine infertility is the impossibility of the desired pregnancy in a woman of childbearing age due to the existing pathology of the uterus. The causes of uterine infertility may be submucous fibroids, intrauterine synechiae, abnormalities of the structure of the uterus, adenomyosis, endometrial polyps, etc. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs, hysteroscopy, and hysterosalpingography help to…
Couvelaire uterus is a symptom complex that occurs as a result of premature detachment of the normally located placenta and blood impregnation of the myometrium. The condition is manifested by acute abdominal pain and symptoms of massive internal bleeding, leading to intrauterine fetal death. It is diagnosed intraoperatively during an emergency caesarean section. Treatment consists…
