Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Surgical menopause is a symptom complex that develops in women of reproductive age against the background of medical termination of ovarian function. It develops with surgical removal of gonads, drug or radiation effects on ovarian tissue. The condition is manifested by hot flashes, psychoemotional instability, urogenital discomfort. Early onset of cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies is…
Placental infarction is necrosis of placental tissue caused by a violation of its blood supply. With large areas of damage, it is manifested by a change in the frequency and intensity of fetal movements, bloody discharge from the vagina. When making a diagnosis, data from ultrasound of the uterus, dopplerography of placental blood flow, CTG…
Intramural fibroid is an intermuscular connective tissue tumor localized in the thickness of the uterine wall. As the interstitial fibroma grows, it causes an increase in the size of the uterus, a violation of the menstrual cycle, feelings of pressure and pain in the pelvic area, anemia. Intramural fibroid is diagnosed by gynecological examination, ultrasound, echohysterosalpingoscopy,…
Uterine leiomyoma are a tumor–like nodular formation of a benign nature that develops from the myometrium against the background of its increased sensitivity to the imbalance of sex steroids. Manifestations of uterine leiomyoma can be severity and pain in the lower abdomen, meno- and metrorrhagia, anemia, dysuria, constipation, infertility, complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Disease…
Foreign body in uterine cavity is the presence of a foreign object in the cavity or wall of the uterus, accompanied by a complex of pathological disorders. Foreign body in uterine cavity can manifest themselves by bleeding, chronic endometritis, pyometra, pain syndrome, secondary infertility. Foreign body in uterine cavity are detected by ultrasound, hysteroscopy, probing. Removal…
Foreign body in the vagina is a foreign object that has entered the lumen of the vaginal tube through the genital slit. The presence of a foreign body in the vagina is manifested by symptoms of vulvovaginitis – whites, hyperemia of the vestibule, burning, bloody discharge. With prolonged presence of the object in the vagina,…
Immunological infertility is a hyperimmune condition of the female or male body, accompanied by the secretion of specific antisperm antibodies. Immunological infertility is manifested by the failure of conception and pregnancy with regular sexual activity without contraception in the absence of other female and male factors of infertility. Diagnosis of immunological infertility includes examination of…
Itching during pregnancy is a pathological condition that is a symptom of various diseases that have arisen or worsened during gestation. It is manifested by a feeling of painfully tickling irritation of the skin and mucous membranes, which causes a scratching reflex. There may be a rash, other skin symptoms, signs of damage to various…
Uterine cancer are neoplasms of the cervix and the body of the uterus that develop from cells of epithelial, muscular or connective tissue, with a tendency to invasive growth, germination of surrounding organs and vessels, recurrence and formation of metastases. The development of pathology may be indicated by discharge from the genital tract (watery, bloody,…
Prolonged labor is a pathologically delayed labor activity with a total duration of more than 18 hours. The reasons are overwork and insufficient preparation of a woman for childbirth, pregnancy complications, gynecological and extragenital diseases. Prolonged labor is characterized by weak and ineffective contractions, slow opening of the uterine pharynx, prolonged standing of the fetal…
