Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Intrauterine growth restriction (fetal growth restriction) is a lag in growth, weight and other fetometric indicators from the standard average for a specific gestation period. It often proceeds asymptomatically, may manifest itself with a small increase in the weight of a pregnant woman, a small circumference of the abdomen, too active or rare movement of the…
Retained placenta is a complication of the third period of labor, a condition in which the placenta does not completely or partially peel off from the uterine walls. Clinically, it may manifest itself as pathological bleeding or the absence of bloody discharge normal for this period, soreness or lack of attempts. At the same time,…
Late period is a violation of menstrual function, manifested by the absence of cyclic bleeding for more than 35 days. It can be caused by physiological reasons (pregnancy, premenopause, etc.), as well as various organic or functional disorders. The delay of menstruation occurs at various periods of a woman’s life: during the formation of menstrual…
Female pseudohermaphroditism is a congenital anomaly of the reproductive system, in which the sex glands are formed according to the female type, and external signs to a lesser or greater extent – according to the male. Disease is characterized by the structure of the external genitals of the heterosexual type, delayed female puberty, virilization. It…
Female hypospadias is a congenital anatomical defect in the form of shortening of the urethra and displacement of the urethra (meatus) in the vestibule of the vagina or on its anterior wall. With a minor anomaly, an asymptomatic course is possible. In other cases, pathology can manifest itself as pain, pain, burning in the genital…
Gallstones in pregnancy is a pathological condition with the formation of gallstones that occurred before conception, during pregnancy or after childbirth. In half of the cases, it proceeds without clinical symptoms. It can manifest itself with attacks of severe pain in the right hypochondrium, nausea, vomiting, bloating, bitterness in the mouth, heartburn, jaundice of the…
Glandular endometrial hyperplasia is an excessive overgrowth of the glandular tissue of the endometrium, characterized by its thickening and increase in volume. Disease is manifested by copious menstruation, dysfunctional anovulatory bleeding, anemia, infertility. Ultrasound, hysteroscopy, Echo-HSG, endometrial biopsy, hormonal studies are performed to determine the hyperplastic transformation of the endometrium. Treatment includes curettage of the…
Benign ovarian tumor are a group of pathological additional formations of ovarian tissue resulting from disruption of cellular proliferation and differentiation processes. The development may be accompanied by abdominal pain, menstrual and reproductive dysfunction, dysuria, defecation disorder, and an increase in the size of the abdomen. Diagnosis is based on data from vaginal examination, ultrasound, determination…
Benign tumors of the fallopian tubes are slow—growing non-invasive volumetric formations originating from the epithelial, muscular, serous tubar membranes or surrounding tissues. Usually they are not clinically manifested. With volumetric neoplasia, complaints of discomfort, pain in the lower abdomen, signs of compression of surrounding organs, infertility are possible. They are diagnosed by gynecological examination, ultrasound,…
Benign vaginal tumors are additional formations of the vaginal tube that develop from the structures of connective tissue, epithelium, and vessels. The course of benign vaginal tumors is often asymptomatic; with an increase in the size of the tumor, it can cause sensations of a foreign body, discomfort during sexual intercourse, violations of defecation and…
