Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Ovarian dysfunction is a disorder of the hormonal function of the ovaries due to an inflammatory process or endocrine disorders, manifested by a number of pathological conditions. It is characterized by disorders of the menstrual cycle: its excessive lengthening (more than 35 days), or shortening (less than 21 days), accompanied by subsequent dysfunctional uterine bleeding.…
Abnormal (dysfunctional) uterine bleeding is pathological bleeding from the uterus associated with a violation of the production of sex hormones by the endocrine glands. There are juvenile bleeding (during puberty), menopausal bleeding (in the stage of extinction of ovarian function), bleeding of the reproductive period. It is expressed by an increase in the amount of blood…
Cervical dysplasia is atypical changes in the epithelium in its vaginal part, related to precancerous processes. In the early stages of its development, cervical dysplasia is a reversible disease, so its timely detection and elimination is a reliable way to prevent cancer risk. Unlike erosion, which occurs during mechanical injury of tissues, dysplasia disorders affect the…
Vulvar dysplasia (atypical hyperplasia) is a change in the morphological structure of the multilayered flat epithelium of the vulva caused by a violation of the growth and development of epithelial cells. The diagnosis in gynecology is based on the results of vulvoscopy, cytological analysis of prints, biopsy of vulva tissues and their histological examination. Treatment…
Dyspareunia is a feeling of discomfort or soreness in the area of the external genitals and pelvis that occurs in connection with sexual intercourse. In women, it can have both a psychological and an organic basis. Dyspareunia leads to sexual dissatisfaction, decreased sexual desire, avoidance of sexual contact, disruption of relationships with a partner, depression.…
Discoordinated labor activity is an abnormal contractile activity of the uterus during labor, characterized by a lack of consistency of contractions between individual segments of the uterus. Discoordinated labor activity is manifested by irregular, ineffective and extremely painful contractions, delaying the opening of the uterine pharynx. The anomaly of labor forces is diagnosed when assessing…
Ovarian germ cell tumors is a malignant tumor, presumably developing from primary indifferent gonadal cells. It is usually diagnosed at a young age. It often occurs against the background of hypoplasia of the genitals and general infantilism. In the early stages, it can be accompanied by pain, weakness and dysuria. In the later stages, germination of…
Diarrhea during pregnancy is a pathological condition during gestation, characterized by frequent discharge of unformed fecal masses. Stool disorder can proceed painlessly or be accompanied by belching, nausea, vomiting, unpleasant sensations in the mouth, abdominal pain, imperative urge to defecate, increased body temperature, weight loss, weakness, fatigue. To determine the cause of diarrhea, clinical, bacteriological,…
Desquamative inflammatory vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina of unknown etiology, characterized by deep damage to the epithelium with the formation of ulcers and subsequent scarring. This form of the inflammatory process is manifested by itching and burning of the vagina and vulva, dyspareunia, contact bleeding, abundant pus-like secretions. Diagnosis of desquamative vaginitis includes…
Dermoid cyst ovary is an additional formation of ovarian tissue, consisting of a thick-walled capsule, inside which contains a mucus-like mass with various inclusions (skin, adipose tissue, sebaceous glands, hair, bones, teeth, nervous tissue). Clinically, a dermoid cyst ovary manifests itself when it reaches a large size: in this case, abdominal and lower back pain, dysuric…
