Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Cervical pregnancy is a variant of distal ectopic pregnancy, in which the implantation and development of the fetal egg occurs in the cervical canal of the uterus. Disease is manifested by bleeding of varying severity – from moderate discharge to copious blood loss. It is a dangerous condition, fraught with the development of lethal hemorrhagic…
Excessively strong labor activity is a clinical form of labor dysfunction, manifested by hyperactivity of the uterus: contractions of excessive intensity, their frequent alternation and increased tone of the myometrium. Pathology is characterized by a sudden onset, rapid course and rapid end of labor; at the same time, the risk of severe complications from the…
Cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy is a clinically manifest or latent infectious disease caused by cytomegalovirus that occurred before conception or during gestation. It is manifested by hyperthermia, catarrhal symptoms, cervical and submandibular lymphadenitis, sialoadenitis, general intoxication, whitish-blue whites, less often — hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, generalized lymphadenopathy. It is diagnosed using serological and molecular laboratory methods. Treatment is…
Cystitis in women is an inflammatory lesion of the mucous (less often submucosal and muscular) layer of the bladder with an acute or chronic course. It is accompanied by painful rapid urination with residual burning and aching sensations, pain in the pelvic region, a feeling of insufficiently complete emptying of the bladder, subfebrility, the appearance…
Cystitis in pregnant women is an acute or chronic inflammation of the inner lining of the bladder that has arisen or worsened during gestation. It is manifested by frequent painful urination, heaviness or pain over the pubis, turbidity of urine, in severe cases — subfebrility, weakness, other signs of general intoxication. It is diagnosed based…
Menopause cystitis is an inflammatory lesion of the bladder pathogenetically associated with involutive changes in female urogenital organs. It is manifested by pollakiuria, imperative urge to urinate, pain in the lower abdomen, turbidity of urine and its staining with blood. It is diagnosed with the help of a general urine analysis, echography of the bladder,…
Cervicitis is an inflammation of the tissues of the cervix caused by bacteria, viruses or other pathogens, which can occur in an acute or chronic form. Clinical symptoms are more often absent, there may be discharge, itching, burning, pain. For diagnosis, a smear from the external pharynx, simple and extended colposcopy are used. Bacteriological methods…
Chronic endocervicitis is an infectious inflammatory disease of the mucous membrane of the cervical canal, lasting from two months or more. It is characterized by poor clinical symptoms: an increase in the number of mucous vaginal secretions with the appearance of an admixture of pus in them and pulling pains in the lower abdomen. For…
Chronic cervicitis is a long—running inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the vaginal and supravaginal part of the cervix, which in some cases extends to its connective tissue and muscle layer. During remission, the symptoms are limited to an increase in the amount of vaginal discharge. With exacerbation, the volume of secretions increases, they…
Chronic oophoritis is a long–term inflammatory process affecting the ovaries. The exacerbation of the disease is characterized by dull or aching pains in the lower abdomen and inguinal region, mucous and mucopurulent whites. In the remission phase, there is a disorder of the ovarian-menstrual cycle, dishormonal disorders, infertility. To diagnose the disease, bimanual examination, ultrasound…
