Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.

The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.

Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.

It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.

The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.

Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.

Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.

The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.

Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.

Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.

Dermatoses of Pregnancy

Dermatoses of pregnancy are a group of specific skin diseases that occur during gestation and spontaneously resolve after childbirth. Manifested by itching, urticular, papular, vesicular, bullous, pustular rashes, skin discoloration. They are diagnosed on the basis of immunogram data, RIF, ELISA, the results of histological examination of the biopsy, biochemical blood analysis, seeding of the…

Bicornuate Uterus

Bicornuate uterus is a congenital anomaly of the anatomical structure of the uterus, consisting in splitting a single cavity into two horns that merge in the lower parts. The presence of a bicornuate uterus manifests itself as dysmenorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding, miscarriage or infertility. Diagnosis of the bicorn uterus includes ultrasound, hysterosonography, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy. If necessary,…

GERD during Pregnancy

GERD during pregnancy is an acid—dependent disease of the esophagus caused by damage to the mucous membrane when the contents of the stomach are thrown, which has arisen or worsened under the influence of gestational factors. It is manifested by heartburn, acid belching, dysphagia, less often — nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, epigastric pain, cough, dysphonia, hypersalivation…

Granulosa Cell Tumor

Granulosa cell tumor is a malignant hormone—active ovarian neoplasm originating from the granular cells of the stroma of the organ. It is manifested by early puberty in girls, menometrorrhagia and acyclic bleeding in women of reproductive age, bloody vaginal discharge in postmenopause. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs, determination of the levels of inhibins and the…

Gonorrhea in Girls

Gonorrhea in girls is an infectious disease caused by Neisser’s gonococci. Due to the peculiarities of the structure of the genitourinary system in young girls, the disease proceeds with a vivid clinical picture, damage to the urethra, vagina, anal area. Less often, the oral cavity and eyes are involved. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, confirmation…

Cephalic Position

Cephalic position of the fetus is the longitudinal position of the fetus with the head facing the entrance to the pelvis. Depending on the adjacent part of the fetal head, the occipital, anterior, frontal and facial location are distinguished. The definition of fetal presentation in obstetrics is important for predicting childbirth. The presentation of the…

Glomerulonephritis in Pregnancy

Glomerulonephritis in pregnancy is an acute or chronic infectious and allergic lesion of the glomerular apparatus of the kidneys (glomeruli) that occurred before or during gestation. More than half of the cases are asymptomatic. It may manifest as a change in the color of urine to pink, reddish or brown, swelling of the face, limbs…

Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy

Hypothyroidism in pregnancy is a pathological condition caused by a low content of thyroid hormones and occurred before, during or after gestation. It often proceeds asymptomatically, may manifest weakness, fatigue, decreased mental and physical performance, nausea, constipation, hypothermia, dry skin, brittle nails, hair loss, hoarseness of voice, characteristic swelling of the extremities. It is diagnosed…

Uterine Hypoplasia

Uterine hypoplasia is an underdevelopment of the uterus, characterized by a decrease in its size compared to the age and physiological norm. Clinically, uterine hypoplasia is manifested by the late onset of menstruation (after 16 years), their irregularity and increased pain; miscarriages, labor anomalies, infertility; decreased libido and anorgasmia. It is diagnosed by vaginal examination,…

Fetal Hypoxia

Fetal hypoxia is an intrauterine syndrome characterized by a complex of changes on the part of the fetus caused by insufficient oxygen supply to its tissues and organs. Fetal hypoxia is characterized by disorders of vital organs, primarily the central nervous system. Diagnosis of fetal hypoxia includes cardiotocography, dopplerometry of uteroplacental circulation, obstetric ultrasound, amnioscopy.…