Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Hypovitaminosis in pregnancy is a pathological condition characterized by a deficiency during gestation of low–molecular organic compounds (vitamins) necessary for the implementation of metabolic functions in the body of the mother and fetus and the normal development of the latter. Hypovitaminosis can manifest signs of early toxicosis, weakness, fatigue, severe dryness of the skin, edema,…
High estrogen in women (hyperestrogenism) is a condition characterized by an increased content of sex hormones, estrogens and their derivatives in a woman’s body. The main manifestations of hyperestrogenism are copious painful menstruation, premenstrual syndrome, breast tenderness. The basic diagnostic method is the assessment of hormonal status. To find out the causes of hormonal imbalance,…
Cervical facet hypertrophy is an increase in the volume of the vaginal part of the cervix associated with excessive development of connective tissue stroma, not accompanied by quantitative and structural changes in cells. Hypertrophy of the cervix may be accompanied by periodic pain in the lower abdomen, soreness during sexual intercourse, polymenorrhea, whites, a feeling…
Uterine hypertonus is a pathological condition accompanied by increased contractility of the myometrium, which appears before the due date of delivery. Among the clinical signs, there is a visible tension of the anterior abdominal wall, pulling pains in the lower abdomen. For the diagnosis of uterine hypertonus, an objective examination of a woman and ultrasound…
Hypertension in pregnancy is a pathological increase in blood pressure (BP) above the standard normal or characteristic for the patient indicators that occurred before conception or associated with gestation. Usually manifested by headaches, dizziness, tinnitus, shortness of breath, palpitations, fatigue. It is diagnosed by measuring blood pressure, ECG, EchoCG, ultrasound of the adrenal glands and…
Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy is an increase in the content of thyroid hormones that occurred before conception or associated with gestation. It is manifested by weakness, fatigue, sweating, nausea, vomiting, increased appetite, increased defecation, irritability, insomnia, tremor of the hands, palpitations, in some patients — an increase in the thyroid gland, exophthalmos, infiltrative dermatopathy of the…
Polymenorrhea is a disorder of the menstrual cycle in which menstruation becomes excessively abundant and prolonged. Menstrual rhythm in polymenorrhea is usually preserved, but a large monthly blood loss leads to the development of asthenic and anemic syndromes. To identify the causes of polymenorrhea, gynecological examination, laboratory tests (blood analysis, smear examination, hormone determination), echography…
Placental hyperplasia is an increase in the thickness and volume of placental tissue associated with the action of compensatory and pathological factors. There are no specific clinical symptoms. In the later stages, in the presence of placental insufficiency, the pathology is manifested by a change in fetal activity — an increase or slowdown in its…
Hyperandrogenism is a group of endocrinopathies characterized by excessive secretion or high activity of male sex hormones in the female body. Manifestations of various syndromes, similar in symptoms, but different in pathogenesis, are disorders of metabolic, menstrual and reproductive functions, androgenic dermopathy (seborrhea, acne, hirsutism, alopecia). The diagnosis of hyperandrogenism in women is based on examination…
Hydrosalpinx is a pathology of the fallopian tubes caused by one– or two-sided accumulation of transudate in their lumen. It may be asymptomatic and be detected for the first time in connection with infertility. Clinically pronounced forms of hydrosalpinx are accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen (pulling, bursting, pulsating), abundant watery whites, febrility and…
