Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Chronic vaginitis is a sluggish inflammation of the vaginal mucosa that occurs when infected with bacteria, fungi or protozoa. Predisposing factors include mechanical and chemical damage, decreased immunity, hormonal changes. Symptoms of chronic lesions include vaginal discharge, itching of the genitals, painful urination, discomfort at the time of intimacy. For diagnosis, microscopy and back-seeding of…
Choriocarcinoma is a trophoblastic tumor that develops as a result of malignant transformation of the chorionic epithelium. The clinic characterized by bloody, serous or purulent discharge from the genital tract, pain in the lower abdomen; with metastasis – symptoms from the relevant organs. Diagnosis requires determination of the level of HCG and trophoblastic globulin in…
Chorioangioma is a vascular placental tumor originating from the tissues of the embryo. It usually proceeds asymptomatically. It can manifest itself with polyhydramnios, signs of fetal hypoxia. It is diagnosed by ultrasound, dopplerography of the uterine blood flow. It is recommended to monitor the fetal condition using fetometry, CTG, phonocardiography, echocardiography. Indolylacetic acid derivatives, tocolytics, angioprotectors,…
Chorioamnionitis is an infectious inflammation of the fetal membranes and amniotic fluid caused by polymicrobial associations. It is manifested by hyperthermia, pain in the uterus, purulent or succulent discharge from the vagina. A subclinical course of the disease with minimal symptoms is possible. It is diagnosed with the help of gynecological examination, CTG of the…
Cholestasis of pregnancy is a variant of gestational dermatosis caused by idiopathic intrahepatic stagnation of bile. It is manifested by itching of the skin, jaundice of the skin, dyspeptic symptoms, lightening of feces, darkening of urine. It is diagnosed on the basis of data on the level of bile acids, bilirubin, liver enzymes, hemostasis factors,…
Frigidity is a sexual dysfunction that manifests itself in the complete absence or decrease of sexual desire (libido), arousal during intimacy and orgasm. In addition to the loss of interest in sex and dissatisfaction with sexual life, patients may complain of pain during or after sexual contact. In the diagnosis of the disorder, a thorough…
Follicular cyst is a functional retention formation of ovarian tissue formed from a non–ovulated follicle. In most cases, follicular cysts are not clinically manifested; sometimes there are pains in the lower abdomen, menstruation delay, infertility. Diagnosis involves gynecological examination, dynamic echography, laparoscopy. Recurrent and persistent cysts are subject to treatment: in this case, hormonal and…
Ovarian fibroid is a connective tissue, hormonally inactive ovarian tumor of benign nature. Symptoms develop when the tumor reaches a significant size and is manifested by ascites, anemia, less often hydrothorax (Meigs syndrome). Gynecological examination, ultrasound, CT are used in the diagnosis; a clarifying diagnosis of ovarian fibroid is made based on the results of…
Fibroids is a benign mature tumor that has a connective tissue structure and emanates from the walls of the uterus. Clinical manifestations of fibroids are directly related to its growth and may include menstrual disorders, pain and pressure in the lower abdomen, dysuric disorders, constipation, lower back pain. Diagnosis according to the results of gynecological…
Fibrous endometrial polyp is a benign connective tissue tumor on a broad base or pedicle originating from the inner lining of the uterus. In most cases, the disease is asymptomatic and only in the presence of a large neoplasm is manifested by uterine bleeding and pain in the lower abdomen. Ultrasound and contrast radiography of…
