Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Syphilis in women is a chronic venereal disease that is caused by pale treponema and is sexually transmitted in 90-99% of cases. It is manifested by specific skin rashes, enlarged lymph nodes, slow, progressive damage to various organs and systems. Clinical data, results of physical examination, microscopic and serological diagnostics are used to diagnose syphilis.…
Sheehan syndrome is a neuroendocrine disorder caused by the death of pituitary cells due to complicated childbirth or abortion. It is manifested by a decrease in milk secretion up to complete cessation, oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea, swelling of the body, brittle hair and nails, dizziness, fainting, weakness, fatigue, hyperpigmentation of the skin. For diagnosis, analysis of…
Chronic pelvic pain in women is a pathological condition lasting more than 6 months and manifested by constant pain in the lower abdomen, the subjective sensation of which does not correspond to the degree of organic disorders. Depressive and behavioral disorders are observed. For diagnosis, physical methods, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, radiography, endoscopic and…
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a severe acute multiple organ lesion caused by exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus or pyogenic streptococcus. It is manifested by a sudden increase in temperature to 38.9 ° C or more, a drop in blood pressure, erythematous skin rashes followed by peeling, profuse diarrhea, vomiting, signs of damage to various organs…
Swyer syndrome is a violation of the formation of sex, characterized by karyotype 46XY, congenital gonadal dysgenesis in the primary formed other female genitalia – vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes. The signs of pathology include primary amenorrhea, masculine physique, sexual infantilism. The diagnosis is made on the basis of anamnestic data, the results of general and…
Vaginal agenesis (Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the primary absence of the uterus and 2/3 of the upper parts of the vagina. With vaginal agenesis, the normal development of the external genitals, ovaries and the severity of secondary sexual characteristics are preserved, there are no chromosomal abnormalities (there is a female karyotype…
Resistant Ovarian Syndrome is a pathological symptom complex that develops due to insensitivity of the ovaries to gonadotropic stimulation. The syndrome of resistant ovaries is characterized by secondary amenorrhea and infertility in women under 35 years of age. In the diagnosis of resistant ovarian syndrome, the data of gynecological anamnesis and examination, hormonal studies and…
Chiari Frommel syndrome is a variant of hyperprolactinemic hypogonadism that occurs in women of reproductive age. It is manifested by opso-oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, lactorrhea, infertility, sexual disorders, hirsutism. It is diagnosed on the basis of laboratory data on the content of prolactin, estrogens, progestins, thyroid hormones, adrenal glands, CT results, MRI of sella turcica. DA-receptor agonists,…
Aortocaval compression syndrome is a complex of hemodynamic disorders caused by aorto—caval compression when the uterus is enlarged. It is manifested by dizziness, sudden weakness, tachycardia, difficulty breathing, a significant drop in blood pressure, increased movements, fainting that occur in the position of a pregnant woman lying on her back. It is diagnosed by echocardiography,…
Meigs syndrome is a special variant of polyserositis that occurs in patients with tumors of ovarian tissue, uterus and completely passes after removal of neoplasia. It is manifested by an increase in abdominal volume, an increase in shortness of breath, tachycardia, weakness, fatigue, pallor, weight gain with external signs of cachexia. It is diagnosed by…
