Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Ovarian depletion syndrome is the premature termination of ovarian function in women under 40 years of age who previously had normal menstrual and reproductive function. Ovarian depletion syndrome is manifested by secondary amenorrhea, infertility, and vegetative-vascular disorders. Diagnosis of ovarian depletion syndrome is based on data from functional and drug tests, hormone levels, ultrasound, laparoscopic…
Ovarian hyperthermia syndrome is a form of secondary amenorrhea, which is associated with prolonged suppression of the gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland, which occurs against the background of taking COCs. Symptoms are typical for women of reproductive age who have been using combined oral contraceptives for pregnancy protection for a long time. After the…
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a pathological condition that develops after the use of hormonal agents to stimulate ovulation. Clinical manifestations of this syndrome include respiratory and cardiovascular insufficiency, ascites, anasarca, oligoanuria, gastrointestinal disorders. The diagnosis of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is established on the basis of physical examination, general laboratory tests, ultrasound, chest radiography. Treatment…
Vaginal relaxation syndrome is a gynecological disorder characterized by a decrease in muscle tone and elasticity of the vaginal mucosa. Objectively, the disease is manifested by flabbiness of the walls of the vagina, gaping of the genital slit, subjectively – a decrease in erogenous reactivity, dyspareunia, difficulty in achieving orgasm. The diagnosis is made on…
Pubic symphysitis is a pathological change in the tissues of the pubic symphysis during pregnancy, accompanied by a divergence of the pubic bones. It is manifested by shooting or pulling superficial pains over the pubis, which are intensified when walking, turning, other physical exertion, gait changes, the inability to perform certain movements. It is diagnosed…
Serous ovarian cystadenoma is a true benign tumor originating from the epithelial tissue of the organ. With small sizes (up to 3 cm), the disease is asymptomatic. As the neoplasm grows, the patient experiences dull, aching or cramping pains in the lower abdomen and lower back, as well as signs of compression of neighboring organs…
Arcuate uterus uterus is a type of two-horned uterus; a malformation in which the bottom of the uterus is split in the form of a saddle. The degree of splitting of the uterine fundus into two horns varies, but in all cases the shape of the uterus in the section resembles a saddle. The presence…
Vaginal fistula are pathological fistula connecting the vagina with the intestines or urinary organs (bladder, ureter, urethra). Through the fistula passages, the contents of the intestine and urinary tract (feces, gases, urine) enter the lumen of the vagina. Vaginal fistula is diagnosed according to the results of gynecological examination, endoscopic and X-ray examinations of the…
Uterine sarcoma is a malignant neoplasm of the body or cervix originating from undifferentiated connective tissue elements of the myometrium or endometrial stroma. Disease is manifested by cyclic and acyclic bleeding, abdominal pain, persistent whites with a putrid odor, general malaise. Uterine sarcoma is diagnosed by bimanual examination, hysteroscopy, ultrasound, diagnostic curettage, cytology and histology…
Vulvar sarcoma is a malignant neoplasia originating from the precursors of mature cells forming soft tissues. Pathology is manifested by a rapidly increasing node in the thickness of the female external genitalia. The tumor is characterized by a hematogenous metastasis pathway with the development of secondary foci in the lungs and a tendency to local…
