Acne papules is a type of acne that occurs as a result of inflammation in the gum area and is characterized by the formation of inflammatory pustules and papules, often leaving behind post—acne scars or hyperpigmentation. Diagnosis consists in determining the type of acne elements and their differentiation from other diseases, conducting bacteriological studies. In the treatment of acne papules, local therapy, physical methods of exposure, mesotherapy and antibiotics are used.
General information
Along with gums, acne papules is the most common form of acne. The peak incidence is observed in men at 17-19 years, in women at 16-17 years. Despite the high prevalence of the disease, dermatology cannot yet accurately determine the causes and pathogenesis of acne papules. It is noted that they develop from both closed and open gums — non-inflammatory nodules formed in the mouths of hair follicles. Accumulation of sebaceous gland secretions in gums leads to an increase in their size and the development of inflammation. As a result, inflammatory elements — acne papules – appear in place of gumdrops.
Symptoms
Acne papules are inflammatory nodules (papules) or pustules of hemispherical shape, up to 5 mm in size. They have a red color. Longer-existing elements and larger acne often have a bluish-red or purple color.
Acne papules is characterized by a lighter course compared to rare forms of acne (lightning-fast, inverse, nodular, late, etc.). Their consequences in the form of hyperpigmentation areas or post-acne scars do not always occur and depend on the depth and severity of the inflammatory reaction. If the inflammation does not affect the dermis located around the follicle, then acne papules resolves without leaving any trace.
Diagnostics
The definition of the type of acne is carried out at the consultation of a dermatologist. It is necessary to differentiate acne papules from gums and other types of acne, from manifestations of pyoderma, ostiofolliculitis, streptococcal impetigo. Pigmented spots remaining after acne resolution are differentiated from secondary pigmentation after dermatitis, and depigmented post-acne scars are differentiated from vitiligo.
Treatment
Therapy of acne papules is carried out comprehensively and may include external remedies, physiotherapy, cryotherapy, phototherapy, mesotherapy and systemic antibiotics. Synthetic retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, zinc preparations and their combinations with antibiotics (erythromycin, clindamycin, etc.) are used in local treatment. Laser treatment of acne, ozone therapy and phototherapy give a good effect. Of the physiotherapeutic methods in the treatment, darsonvalization, microcurrent therapy, ultrasound facial cleansing are used. In some cases, UV is used, but the ambiguous effect of ultraviolet light has forced many dermatologists and cosmetologists to abandon this method of treating acne in favor of more modern techniques.
Cryotherapy of acne and cryomassage stop inflammatory processes and reduce sebum secretion, and also have a bactericidal effect. Mesotherapy with special therapeutic cocktails allows you to achieve better results than the external use of the same funds. Laser peeling, dermabrasion, and laser scar removal are used to eliminate scars after acne.
With a large number of rashes and a pronounced degree of inflammatory reaction, the use of general antibiotic therapy is possible. Taking into account the resistance of modern microorganisms, the choice of an antibiotic should be carried out in strict accordance with the results of back-sowing of the separated papules and the sensitivity of the isolated microflora.