Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Ovarian insufficiency is a functional failure of the follicular apparatus due to its underdevelopment, irreversible damage or insensitivity to gonadotropins. It is manifested by infertility, irregular menstruation or their absence, signs of hypoestrogenism. It is diagnosed by gynecological examination, analysis of sex hormone levels, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, diagnostic laparoscopy, cytogenetic examination. For the…
Ovarian pregnancy is a gestational complication characterized by the attachment of the embryo to the tissues of the ovary. Most often it proceeds practically without subjective manifestations. The main complaints of patients include pelvic pain, spotting discharge from the genital tract, menstrual cycle disorders, menstruation delay, with rupture of the fetus – symptoms of “acute…
Stomach ulcer in pregnant women is a chronic recurrent disease detected during gestation, in which a local ulcerative defect forms in the gastric mucosa. It is manifested by epigastric pain, discomfort, heaviness in the epigastric region, dyspeptic phenomena, slowing weight gain. It is diagnosed using ultrasound of the stomach, gastroscopy, laboratory methods for detecting helicobacteriosis,…
Breech presentation of the fetus is the most common variant of pelvic presentation, in which the child enters the pelvis with the buttocks or buttocks and feet. There are no specific symptoms, pathology is detected when performing external obstetric and vaginal examinations, planned ultrasound. Before giving birth, attempts are made to turn the fetus head…
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a pathology, the development of which is associated with the ingress of amniotic fluid into the mother’s circulatory system, followed by an anaphylactoid reaction to the components of this fluid. Clinical manifestations are mainly due to cardiopulmonary shock and a violation of the coagulation system. Diagnosis is carried out by…
Cervical ectropion is a pathological condition of the cervix, in which there is an eversion of the mucous membrane of the cervical canal into the vaginal cavity. Clinical manifestations of ectropion develop with the addition of inflammatory or precancerous lesions of the cervix: these may be white spots, contact spotting, menstrual dysfunction, pelvic pain. Cervical…
Cervical erosion is a defect, damage to the flat epithelium of the cervix on its vaginal part around the external pharynx. It occurs more often as a result of endocervicitis and other inflammatory diseases of the genital area, hormonal disorders in the female body. The course may be asymptomatic or manifest itself with pathological secretions…
Cervical erythroplakia is a defect, damage to the flat epithelium of the cervix on its vaginal part around the external pharynx. It occurs more often as a result of endocervicitis and other inflammatory diseases of the genital area, hormonal disorders in the female body. The course may be asymptomatic or manifest itself with pathological secretions of…
Epilepsy in pregnancy is a chronic hereditary, congenital or acquired cerebral pathology that is caused by excessive neural activity and occurred before or during gestation. It is usually manifested by convulsive and convulsive paroxysms with or without loss of consciousness, less often by psychotic disorders in the form of twilight states, delirium, hallucinations, dysphoria. It…
Enterocele is one of the variants of pelvic prolapses, which is characterized by the lowering of the loops of the small intestine and the bulging of the formed hernia through the vaginal wall. The disease is manifested by pain and discomfort in the lower abdomen, soreness during sexual contacts. Constipation, bloating are characteristic, dysuric phenomena…
