Thirst (polydipsia) is the desire to drink water in large quantities, which is accompanied by subjective sensations of dry mouth. The symptom can occur with various endocrine diseases, increased fluid loss during breathing and sweating, liver and kidney pathologies. To determine the causes of thirst and dry mouth, ultrasound of internal organs, X-ray examination, laboratory…
Weight change is a fluctuation of body weight in the direction of decrease or increase. The condition may be accompanied by weakness, apathy, dyspeptic disorders. Weight changes are most often caused by conscious dietary restrictions, endocrine diseases, severe organic pathology and psychogenic disorders. To identify the cause of weight loss or weight gain, anthropometry is…
Flank pain is a non-specific sign of many diseases of the abdominal cavity, retroperitoneal space, and pelvis. To determine the cause of flank pain, the localization and nature of the pain syndrome, as well as the conditions of its occurrence, combination with other symptoms are important. The diagnosis is made taking into account clinical and…
Exhaustion is an extreme degree of weight loss (more than 20%), in which the work of various organs and systems is disrupted. The condition is often accompanied by symptoms of nervous exhaustion, weakness, adynamia. Exhaustion of the body occurs with anorexia, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, cancer and other types of intoxication. To determine the factors that…
Neck pain (cervicalgia) is pain of various nature and intensity that occurs in the cervical region. The symptom is accompanied by dizziness, a feeling of numbness in the back of the head or arm, local redness and swelling of the skin. The neck can hurt with infectious and inflammatory diseases of this area, injuries and…
Pain in the upper jaw is provoked by injuries, purulent processes, ganglioneuritis, some dental and otolaryngological diseases, tumors, pathologies of the masticatory muscles, temporal arteritis. It can be weak, intense, constant, short-term, pressing, aching, jerking, shooting, bursting. The cause of the symptom is established on the basis of complaints, examination data, visualization methods, laboratory tests.…
Hip pain is an unpleasant or painful sensation caused by a pathological process in the bones, soft tissues, nerves and vessels of the thigh. It can be permanent, periodic, short-term, weak, intense, dull, acute. It is often combined with edema, impaired limb function. It is caused by injuries, inflammatory, degenerative, tumor diseases, and other factors.…
Lethargy is a subjective feeling of lack of vigor and energy, accompanied by a decrease in working capacity and loss of interest in familiar activities. Often, malaise occurs under the influence of external factors: fatigue, overeating, excessive coffee consumption. Symptoms are also caused by pathological causes — endocrine and neurological diseases, mental disorders. To clarify…
Muscle aches are a specific pulling and “twisting” pain, an unpleasant burning and tingling sensation in the muscles. The symptom is often accompanied by weakness, stiffness of movements, local hyperemia of the skin. Pain is observed in myositis, fibromyalgia, vascular pathology, infectious diseases, intoxication. To identify the cause of the disorder, electromyography, radiography, ultrasound, laboratory…
Pain in the temples occurs with migraine, arterial hypertension, increased intracranial pressure, injuries, intoxication syndrome, trigeminal neuralgia, temporal arteritis, pheochromocytoma, cluster headache and tension headache. Pain can be prolonged, paroxysmal, acute, dull, pulsating, pressing, shooting, aching, burning. The reason is established according to the survey, examination, laboratory and instrumental techniques. Treatment – analgesics, anticonvulsants, glucocorticoids,…
High body temperature is a violation of thermoregulation, in which the temperature rises above 37 °C. The symptom is accompanied by headaches, muscle aches, sharp weakness, malaise. Fever occurs more often with infectious diseases, but fever may also have a non-infectious origin — endocrine and autoimmune diseases, tumors. To find out the cause of hyperthermia,…
Upper abdominal pain (epigastrium) develops in many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: intestinal infections, gastritis and peptic ulcer, pathologies of the pancreatobiliary zone. There are extra-abdominal causes, which include lower lobe pneumonia, intercostal neuralgia, lesions of the abdominal aorta and its branches. For diagnostic purposes, a complex of instrumental studies (ultrasound, radiography and CT, endoscopy)…
Weight fluctuations are small changes in body weight in the direction of increasing or decreasing, occurring in a short time. Often, weight jumps are caused by natural factors: errors in the diet, fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. Among the pathological prerequisites for weight changes, renal and cardiovascular diseases are distinguished. To verify the cause of…
Headache is an unpleasant or painful sensation of varying intensity, covering the entire head or part of it. It can be prolonged, paroxysmal, dull, acute, pulsating, bursting. It is observed in migraines, provoked by vascular disorders, injuries, increased intracranial pressure, infections, intoxication and other causes. The etiology of cephalgia is established on the basis of…
Aching joints are unpleasant aching, pulling sensations in the area of articular joints, the intensity of which sometimes reaches the degree of pain. The symptom is combined with muscle aches, weakness, bruising, crunching, limited movements and may precede joint pain (arthralgia). Joint pain is accompanied by lesions of the musculoskeletal system, infections, diseases of the…