Fahr’s disease is idiopathic symmetrical calcification of cerebral structures: subcortical ganglia, cerebral cortex, cerebellum. It can be asymptomatic, clinically manifested by extrapyramidal disorders (hyperkinesis, parkinsonism), cerebellar disorders, intellectual decline. It is diagnosed according to cerebral CT with the exclusion of the secondary nature of calcified foci according to the results of biochemical, ultrasound, PCR studies.…
Light dizziness can occur under the influence of physiological factors: a strict diet, excessive exercise, lack of sleep. It is detected during pregnancy and menopause, with prolonged use of certain medications, VVD, cervical osteochondrosis, anemia, hypotension, hypothyroidism, atherosclerosis, neurotic disorders. Develops during acute infections. The cause is determined based on survey data, external examination, results…
Clonic seizures are irregular short-term spasms characterized by a rapid change of periods of contraction and relaxation of skeletal muscles. They occur against the background of epilepsy, cerebral damage of an infectious, neurodegenerative, toxic or other nature. The cause of convulsive paroxysms is confirmed by laboratory tests, genetic tests, neuroimaging methods, EEG. The basis of…
Handwriting changes are a deterioration in the manner of writing due to various pathological processes. It can be expressed by a violation of the inclination, size and shape of letters, the force of pressure on the handle, the distance between words, line spacing. Changes in handwriting are observed in a number of neurological, psychiatric syndromes,…
Freezing when walking is observed in Parkinson’s disease, secondary parkinsonism, less often detected in vascular disorders, hydrocephalus, multisystem atrophy and torsion dystonia. In the elderly, it is sometimes an isolated symptom. It can be expressed in motor blocks during movement or inability to start moving. The cause is determined according to the anamnesis, the results…
Dizziness is a feeling of imaginary rotation and /or translational movements of the patient in various planes, less often — the illusion of displacement of a stationary environment in any plane. In clinical practice, the term “dizziness” is interpreted much more broadly, therefore it includes states and sensations caused by disturbances in the receipt of…
Hemiparetic gait is formed as a result of organic lesions of the central nervous system, is detected after stroke, TBI, encephalitis, purulent lesions of the brain. It develops with tumors, parasitosis, toxic, demyelinating and degenerative-atrophic processes. The cause of the occurrence is established according to anamnesis, general and neurological examination, echoencephalography, CT, MRI, laboratory tests,…
Hemiparesis occurs in disorders of cerebral circulation, tumors, traumatic brain injuries, purulent and infectious processes, parasitosis, some types of epilepsy, toxic brain lesions. The cause of hemiparesis is determined by the results of a survey, neurological examination, echoencephalography, radiography, tomographic studies, laboratory tests. Treatment includes pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy followed by restorative measures. Sometimes operations…
